Research On Spatial Structure Of Urban Land Use Intensity Of Beijing

Urban economics has established a relatively mature urban spatial structure theory, and a large number of empirical studies have been carried out in the cities of Western developed countries. Also, cities of developing countries and countries with economies in transition begin to evoke wide concern. However, few studies have been conducted in Chinese cities, in particular studies on the spatial structure of land use intensity.The cities of China are different from that under market oriented economics. And because of its complicated functions, Beijing has more unique features. The land market of China, which founded in 1990`s and developed fast since then, exerts a strong influence on the land use and spatial structure of Beijing.Based on GIS analysis tools and employ the data of the 5th population census and the data from 1993 to 2006 in the land use rights granted market of Beijing, the dissertation carries out a profound research on the rule and its evolution of the spatial structure of land use intensity in Beijing. Main conclusion are as follows:1. The spatial structure of land use intensity of Beijing is far more complicated than the Static Mono-centric Mode predicts. (1)The centre of the city does not have the highest land use intensity, no mater of the population density and the FAR. (2) The spatial structure of land use intensity has the features of Multi-center cities. (3)Historical factors have obvious effects on the spatial structure of FAR. (4)The spatial distribution of FAR are different on different directions as you observe from the centre to the fringe of the city, and there is imbalance between the south and the north of the city. (5)The land use intensity may have a positive gradient as one move away from center in some direction. (6) Land of different use types has different spatial structure of land use intensity. Residential land has several Sub-centers of FAR between the second ring road and the fourth ring road, which are centered with Tiananmen Square; Commercial land has obvious features of point distribution on FAR, and shows more cluster character than that of residential land; FAR distribution of Industrial land is mainly determined by government (especially is planning), and the centers of FAR occurs in the industrial parks outside the fourth ring road, and it has an obviously positive density gradient.2. Factors which are not markets have played an important role in the formation of the spatial structure of land use intensity in Beijing. Three main factors are: (1) population policy and the suburbanization that related to population policy; (2) urban planning, especially the height restriction in the center of the city ;( 3) transportation.3. On the whole, the spatial structure of land use intensity is in accord with the Differential land rent theory. As respect to population density and land use intensity, they all decline with the distance from the center. And we can see the FAR of land of different use types shows that Commercial >Residential >Industrial.4. The FAR gradient of residential land become lower since the year of 1999.And this is mainly because of the spread of the infrastructure, especially the development of transportation.5. The raise of land-capital coefficient of elasticity of substitution shows that, the efficiency of land market has been improved obviously. Especially the reform of housing allocation in 1998 has a distinct and positive effect on land market efficiency.6. The new way (ZhaoPaiGua called in China) in which land use rights can be granted by government does not show obvious improvement on the efficiency of land market, especially on the allocation of residential land. We should work hard to develop and make it perfect in order to use land reasonably and efficiently.