| Karst Cave (also known as the cave) is a very important tourism resource, with its deep, illusory and mysterious characteristics of a great tourist attraction. Chongqing is rich in cave tourism resources and of a higher quality, visibility, and occupies an important position in Chongqing tourism. The Xueyu cave in Fengdu is one of the most beautiful caves in China. But the space of the Xueyu cave is narrow, the cave environment and type of stalactite landscape is very fragile and is in a rapid growth period, if it was irrational development and utilization, it will produce highly damage on the cave environment and stalactites, causing irreversible damage. Therefore, take the Xuexyu cave as a typical case to study, for tourism development and protection in Chongqing to provide a scientific basis, so that cave tourism resources of Chongqing can be protected more effectively and better sustainable use, it has very importance.Through literature analysis, detection method, quantitative analysis, basic data collection, field visits and monitoring on the Xueyu cave, get out of the following conclusions:1, Through the provision of monitoring data and tourists numbers in 2006 by the Xueyu cave manager, as well as the Golden Weeks "5.1" in 2007, "5.1" and "10.1" in 2008 when visitors concentrated, with monitoring and analysis, the activities of the tourism major impact on the environment manifested in:(1) Near the hole, the temperature was influenced by the temperature outside, and with increasing distance from the hole, the temperature was increased at first and then a downward trend. It is mainly due to the distribution of the cave tunnel, ventilation and the impact of the number of tourists. (2) The air humidity is high inside the cave, and changes litter, mainly because of there are underground river inside the cave, the temperature range is relatively small, and the effects of temperature on humidity has a certain lag. And tourists breathing hole on the closed section of the humidity will have an appreciable effect. (3) Low and peak seasons for tourism CO2 concentration varied widely, the cumulative effect is significantly. The bottom of the cave is relatively low CO2 concentration, a gradual increase in the middle and upper classes. This is mainly because there are underground river at bottom, the air humidity will be dissolved a large part of CO2, and the upper hole in the Road twists and turns, a smaller cave, conducive to the accumulation of CO2. This shows that the volume of CO2 in addition to suffering from the impact of tourists, but also humidity, distribution and tunnel ventilation conditions. (4) Through the years 2007,2008,2009, four "Golden Week" of the comparison, we can see that outside of the natural conditions (for example, the situation at the time of the precipitation) and the tourists have large impact on the inside of the humidity, carbon dioxide. (5) The development of tourism impact on the cave biology, particular in have a great impact on plant, causing a large number of lighting plants, breeding structural damage, influence the beautiful of the cave attractions.2, The protection of tourism resources measures in Xueyu cave include:(1) Scientific management, specification development. Before the development of cave resources, take a basic science research and a comprehensive evaluation; draw up a detailed travel plan; the establishment of an effective management system and improve the scientific and technological protection measures. (2) The implementation of environmental monitoring to protect cave. (3)Control the tourism environment capacity of the Xueyu cave. Through calculation, to draw on the environmental capacity of the Xueyu cave is 1243 tourists, this standard strictly control the number of visitors. (4)Protect the ecological environment around the surrounding cave, especially protecting the caves around the top of the hill vegetation. Conservation unsaturated zone water flow, so that stalactites inside the cave can continue to grow (5)Strengthen the management of visitors and inside the cave. Such as to prevent the visitors carry soil and dust into the cave, the visitors will be sucked dust or blowing; have running water system inside the cave, easy to wash. (6)Strengthen technological innovation, improve the level of cave environmental protection technology. Such as lighting design should be based illumination and middle-illumination, can not use "long lights," pick to be opened, as-you-go clearance, to avoid the temperature increased in the cave; for prevention and control of the lights plant breeding, constantly changing the location of lighting, according to the role of light on plants exposed time, regular manual brushing. (7) The development of "Regulations on the Protection of the cave," local laws and regulations to strengthen the protection and management of the law efforts. |
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