Studies On China's Financial Transfer Payment System

Since implementation of the reform and opening up, with the socialist market economic system of establishing and fine-tuning, our economy has made a tremendous development, we put forward a comprehensive development goals of building the socialist market economy particularly since the party's plenary session of the thirteenth, china's reform and development has made eye-catching achievements. At the same time, china's economic development has also some problems, the imbalance in regional economic development is just one problem, especially the Eastern and the Western regions and the gap between the urban and rural National are widening, this shows that China's fiscal transfer payment system has been unable to meet the market demands of economic development.Fiscal transfer payment system is an important part of the financial system, we can use it to solve the unbalance of financial levels and region development through transfer financial capital income from rich areas to relatively poor areas. since 1994 China has set up a financial transfer payment system which has played an indispensable role in enhancing the ability of central government in macro-control, balancing regional financial resources, achieving regional balanced development and promoting the equalization of public services.In recent years, as China's fiscal transfer payments continuous increasing, the fiscal transfers'effect is growing in achieving the equalization of public services and solving the imbalances, and fiscal transfer payment is also increasingly perfect, but as a whole, there are still some unsatisfactory places in narrowing regional development gap and promoting equality of public services, so we still need further refinement. In this context, the article conducts a comprehensive analysis on the current status of the financial transfer payment system, analysis the existing problems and the causes of the problem, proposes measures to perfecting the financial transfer payment system basing on combining China's conditions with the advanced foreign experience.This article includes five elements:The first part is introduction, its main purpose is to explain the background and significance, literature review, research methods and ideas, innovations and inadequate; The second part of the article researches fiscal transfer payment system overview and analysis the financial transfer payment system, summarizes the problems and causes of financial transfer payment system; The third part introduces some foreign countries' model and headway of the financial transfer payment system, also sums up the perfection and headway which we can learn from them; The fourth part designs a system of the financial transfer payment basing on current situation in our country and analysis feasibility of such a system; The fifth part is to propose the policy recommendations about establishment of financial transfer payment system, including policy measures and complementary measures the new design of the system needs. By the way, the first three parts of the article are the bedding of the back theory and practice, including the conditions analysis, investigation the problem's cause and the theory analysis; The last two parts are the subject of the article, they include the design of the whole institutional system which is the focus of the paper.In this context, the article mainly uses theoretical analysis, comparative analysis and other research methods, with the guidance of theory and the ultimate purpose which in order to solve practical problems are the principles, the analysis and evaluation of the transfer payments uses space-time development as main line to study the history of change rules and problems, the article comprehensive uses investigation, analysis, summary and many other methods to collect and collate the information, learns the success from the successful experience of foreign countries to seek a convincing conclusion. There are three main innovations in this article:First, base on the conditions of horizontal financial imbalance in our country and regional development imbalance try to innovative financial transfer payment system; Second, believes the horizontal transfer payment system is needed and design a complete horizontal transfer payment system; Third, basing on the conditions of horizontal financial imbalance in our country and regional development imbalance, the article proposes the new view of how to divide the main functional areas. Although this article made some points, because subject and practical experience, lack of theoretical knowledge, this paper is not deep and should has further study.