An Overall Evaluation Of Returning Cropland To Economical Forestl And Of The Loess Region In The North Of Shaanxi Province

Returning cultivated land to forestland or grassland is a great project focus on improving ecological environment and changing the way of utilizing land appropriately in order to promote the sustainable development. In this paper, the author will take the case of the Grain for Green project in Mengcha village, Mizhi town of the North of ShanXi province, assessing objectively the eco-economical and social profits of Mengcha village in the time after the Grain for Green project, through the method of participated famers'investigation, searching relative statistics and comparing with the pro-condition of Mengcha village's economy and society before the project. This research could afford the scientific basis to the sustainable development of the projects of returning cropland to economical forestland of the loess region in the North of ShanXi province. The main conclusions are listed the following :1.Establishing a profit evaluation system of Returning Cropland to Economical Forestland of the North of ShanXi province, through assessing the profit gained from the projects of Returning Cropland to Economical Forestland based on the actual condition in this region.2.The results of calculating in methods like the opportunity cost are that in the Mengcha village, 2142 ares forestland returned from cropland contained 67.2 thousands of nutritious water, having preserved water resources equivalent to 389.4 thousands Yuan, increasing the loss of nutrition in soil in the figure of 44.8 t, promising cultivated soil equivalent to 269 thousand Yuan in the year of 2008. At the meantime, unchanged CO2 was 636.3t, which equaled to 245 thousand Yuan and released 464.6t O2,which equaled to 86 thousand Yuan, gaining eco-profit of 989.4 thousand Yuan.3.The projects of Returning Cropland to Economical Forestland in Mengcha village has promote the local famers'income indirectly, and the income has gradually gained from labor and business instead of the crop farming with the diversity of the income fabric. This paper has calculated in the cost and market method that the direct profit of the project in this village was 4.35 million Yuan in 2008. In the mean time, it also shows that the time of taking back the investment is very short and the profit is optimistic.4.Choosing the potential social profit which promotes social employment and adjusts the agriculture system and the Engel coefficient to study, it concludes that the project in Mengcha village has developed the local employment and adjusted local agr-system, accelerating the step of farmer's better life. Also, the Engel coefficient decreased dramatically than before, which really increased the life quality of local famers.5.Using the way of questionnaires and interviews, the author has investigated the condition about the rights to run and turn the land in the Mengcha village, through the outdoor searching of the efficient of the profits in the mountains based on the land turning policy. Sorting the importance of problems relative to the land turning policy with the help of the problem matrix, and assessing the causation relation according to the problem tree. It describes that the key problem leading to the hazards to implement the policy is the musty idears of local residents.6. Because of the key factor of the sustainable development of the project of Returning Cropland to Economical Forestland is the farmers'willingness, it has a great meaning to study the economical origin of farmers participating the project. So in this paper, the author builds a model about the famers'willingness and assesses its effective factors, so that giving advices and making suggestions to the sustainable of the project of Returning Cropland to Economical Forestland in the North of ShanXi province .