The Unified Purchase And Resale System Before Great Leap Forward

There is a great discussion about the Unified Purchase and Resale System which began in 1953. However, most research focused on the central policy and the implementation of the system from a macro perspective. Even though some scholar has focused on county archives to discuss the implementation of the procurement system, he neglected any specific characteristics of the county studied, instead taking it as a perfect microcosm of the central government policies. Focus on Neixiang County, Henan Province, this paper will discuss the implementation of the Procurement System in grass-roots.This paper will include the following parts: first, introducing the grain situation in Neixiang County, and the implementation of grain tax before implementing the Procurement System; second, in Neixiang County where had no"surplus grain", where was the source of the"surplus grain"which supported the Procurement System; third, discussing the details of the implementation of Procurement System and the real influence of the"triple fix"policy (fix production, fix purchase, fix sale); four, under the condition of grain shortage, how to implement the resale policy.Based on the above discussion, this paper mainly includes the following ideas: There was no enough grain to support the great purchase mission in Neixiang County. Under such condition, in order to obey the policy of"purchase surplus grain", the statisticians in Neixiang County took grain which might be sold back to peasants as surplus grain, based on which they can formulate the purchase plan legitimately; The policy of"triple fix"did not fulfill its original promise that did not increase purchase mission even increasing production. On the contrary, the increase purchase mission became an established project, and keeping the"remained grain"standard unchanged found basis in the"triple fix"policy; Great purchase mission beyond the affordability together with the shortage of sale quotas, resulted in great grain tension in country. The living standard in country became worse and worse which might indicate the advent of famine.