The Unification Of The Grain County In The First Half Of The 1950s

In order to cope with the grain crises in some big cities,the Central Finance and Economics Committee needed to allot grain in the nationwide scope in the beginning of the foundation of the Republic of China.However,many local governments banned the external flow of grain,so the Central Finance and Economics Committee decided to set up Grain Company and Grain Bureau on different levels to withdraw the administration authority of grain.Owing to the contradictions between two departments which resulted from the different affiliation,the Ministry of Trade suggested to merge the Grain Company and Grain Bureau together.The Supply and Marketing Cooperatives were the important collaborator of grain department,but there were many conflicts between them.In 1955,the Grain Bureau took over the grain business of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives.On the other hand,the grain department had to allow the existence of the private grain dealers in view of it's own weak affiliated agencies.The Grain Bureau canceled the private grain dealers before the conduct of the State Monopoly for Purchase and Marketing.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China wished that the National Grain Market can cover the shortage of the State Monopoly for Purchase and Marketing,but farmers regard it as a place to sell the turnover grain.Over-the-counter market provided space for black market transaction.In September 1957,Hua xian County decided to canceled the National Grain Market and banned the free grain deal between farmers at the same time.With this,the Grain Bureau had established it's status as the only authority.However,the black market transaction couldn't be wiped out.As far as the grain organization's internal affairs,there were many conflicts between the Grain Bureau and the Grain Management Agency due to the disputes and different standpoints.On the other hand,the high monopoly of grain generated the grain cadres' privilege of grain.The concentration of grain organization and it's effects reflected the establishment processes and practices of the Planned Economic System and it's limitations.