The Research On The Problems About Income Distribution Of Coal Resource In Shanxi Province

Shanxi province being abundant in coal resource is one of the best important provider of coal in our country. But the abundant coal resource did not bring prosperity of economic,fast and healthy development of economic or high level of people's living standards. Contrary to, comparing with the other provinces, there are many economic problems in Shanxi. For examples:the economic of Shanxi is backward,single in structure and weak in stability;the average of energy consumption is high; environmental pollution and ecological damage are serious;the external cost is high;the gap in income among people is large;the average level of people's living standards is low; and so on.The reasons of causing these problems is a lot. But in Shanxi with coal-related industries being the base of its economic, the unreasonable of income distribution of coal products must be the main reason. For resolving these problems, it is crucial to make the relations among all kinds of the economic agents involved in the process of coal mining and define cleaarly the besis,forms,proportions of distribution in order to make the income distribution of coal among all kins of economic agents reasonable.This article using related theories including the theory about land rent,the theory about property rights,the externality theory,the theory about income distribution and so on, linking the related regulations and practice in Shanxi illustrate income distribution of coal in Shanxi having the following problems: the taxs and fees reflecting the coal rent are low,the coal-tax is lack of flexibility,the distribution of coal rent between the central government and Shanxi local governments,the proportion of the distribution to Shanxi is small,the loss of the mining area residents because of external diseconomic can not be fully compensated,the wages of workers of mining companies are low and different, analyzing the main reasons including: the property rights of coal in Shanxi are unclear and not sound,the standards about the taxs and fees of coal resource are not reasonable,the fluctuation of the price of coal product is large,lacking the compenstion mechanisms of external costs, according to the problems and their reasons, this article propose some practical measures and proposals.First, in the field of property rights, making the examination more legal system, Establishing the perfectible environmental legal system, clearing the owners and supervisors of the environmental property rights.Second, in the aspect of resources taxation and fee, improving coal resources compensation standard, resources tax should levy in accordance with excessive profit and adopt the style of progressive tax rate.Third, according to price fluctuation, we can levy"special revenue fund"or"price stabilization fund".Fourth, establishing the fund of the compensation for the external costs to enhance the compensation for the mining area residents.