Research On Modern Science And Technology's Risk And Social Controlling

Science and technology bring splendid material civilization to human, but bring the risks and crisis as well. With the rapid development of science and technology, the crises arisen from the application of science and technology become increasingly prominent. Especially in the 50s of the 20th century, the issue of risks was paid a great attention by western scholars; they had made a lot of study and formed a risks-related theory. The modern science and technology is becoming one of the largest sources of social risks, under the integration of science and technology, the merging of science, technology and society, and the rapid advance of globalization. At present, mankind has entered a high-risk time, the risks caused by the application of science and technology has become one of the themes of contemporary social theory. How to effectively prevent and control the hazards of science and technology to minimize the risk, become an important issue which related to human development. Based on the research outputs of home and abroad scholars, this dissertation try to formulate the conception of scientific and technological risks, and hold the view that the high complexity and the inherent uncertainty of science and technology cause the results of the application of science and technology among or after which cannot be well recognized, and any experts cannot predict, calculate and control the potential and uncertain hazards. Summed up the uncertainty, unpredictability, more hazardous, faster diffusion, and the resulting chain reaction of other progressive features of scientific and technological risks, and analyzed the harmfulness of the scientific and technological risks to society and its detailed causes, this dissertation hold the view that the excessive publicity of human subjectivity, single-faceted magnification to instrumental rationality in society, move for interests in market economy, value of the blind worship of science and technology, and decline of morality of science and technology are main factors lead to increase the rises of science and technology. this dissertation proposed the model of governance on scientific and technological risks which can be controlled from both internal and external in society, and a series of control measures and means to strengthen legal control, moral control, and technical control, to perfect risk assessment mechanism, and to manage global scientific and technological risks coordinately etc, which is expected to achieve more effective control to the scientific and technological risks. Risk is one of the inherent qualities of science and technology. Although the scientific and technological risks cannot be completely eliminated, but its harm can be minimized by effective control measures, thus science and technology could bring more benefits to mankind.