See From The Ming And Qing Yi, On Behalf Of Needham Problem

Dr.Joseph Needham showed all the people the splendid science and technology achievement of the ancient China ;criticized the view of "No technology in ancient China "and strong the Chinese national confidence. Meanwhile, the question why there was no modern science in China caused a great interest from the China and foreign academic circles. So many scholars were unwearied to answer the question, so kinds of answers came thick and fast. The writer studied from the original knowledge and combined the practical situation of the end of the Ming dynasty and the beginning of the Qing dynasty and analyzed the famous N. Joseph Puzzle, then the writer posed the questions of whether we could compare the Chinese scientific tradition with the West simply and whether the determinate factor influenced the trend of the science development in existence and whether the Chinese science and technology could realize natural development and break through and what was the practical factor to discourage the development of the Chinese modern science and technology.This article criticized the viewpoint that judged one culture referring to another and certified the rationality of kinds of civilization. The article assumed the prospect about the society, science and technology development of the Ming dynasty based on analyzing the history situation and preinstalling no occasional factor; and it found the reason on backwardness about the Chinese science and technology from the Qing dynasty actually.Concretely, the first part of this article mainly introduced the answers from the academic circles of history of science and technology to N. Joseph Puzzle ,then criticized the point that the European modern science must happen in China also.The conclusion was that the Chinese history developed according to its own step and general social rule. In the end of the Ming dynasty, feudal system would burst up; politics became flexible; new production relations happened and developed; ideology including scientific thinking emerged new tendency; west preachers came to China at the right moment and brought the new values and scientific tradition to produce the condition for the cultural exchanges. So at that time ,China was ready to society and science changes. It seemed as if the social structure change and the development of science and technology rapidly should be sure. The second part mainly analyzed that the Chinese science and technology developed regularly before the end of the Ming dynasty using the famous social theory of Marxism. about production and production relations. On the base of opposing to tradition idea, recognizing the natural objectivity and emphasizing to reaching after the truth, proving, improving mode of thinking were the new scientific spirit. The third part mainly analyzed how could the change of the Ming and Qing dynasty delayed the development of the Chinese science and technology It based on that how the Qing dynasty weakened the production, restrained the production relations and suppressed the initiatory thinkers. Civilization advance and history change couldn't always rise straightly., but sometimes it could be flexuous. The Ming dynasty destroyed and the Qing dynasty grew up. The cultured nation was defeated by the uncultured nation. It means that Chinese social development made a detour. The normal social and science development broke down. According to the false prosperity of the science and technology in the Kangxi times, the last part analyzed the Qing dynasty played a very important role in breaking down the Chinese science and technology, then this part could be the key role of the whole article.