Study On Preparayion Technology Of Probiotic And Synbiotic Goats’milk Tablets

Goat milk products are favored by customers because of unique flavor and taste, easy digestion and absorption, promoting cell growth, improving immunity and intelligence. At present, goats’ milk of Fuping county in Shaanxi province is welcomed by consumers, which can not only meet the national consumption habits, but also require nutritive value. Probiotics and prebiotics regarded as functional factor can improve the gastrointestinal flora balanced effectively and bring benefits to the living organisms,they are widely applied to liquid milk products. Relatively speaking, flaky probiotic solid products are edible and easy to carry, sanitation and nutrition, and have long shelf life, etc. Therefore, the preparation of high activity, high stability of probiotics powder and goats’ milk tablet have the great significance to promote the development of China’s goats’ milk industry.The research based on the prophase were studied on the preparation process of bacteria powder of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium bifidum BB01. Then through the single factor experiment, Placket-Burman(PB) experiment, mixture experiments and response surface design, the preparation process and conditions of probiotics goats’ milk tablets were optimized and developed three kinds of probiotics goats’ milk tablets. The experiments were investigated with effecting of stachyose, xylooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, isomaltooligosaccharide, inulin on quality variation of LA-5 and BB01 probiotics goats’ milk. The stachyose and fructooligosaccharides were determined as prebiotics and two synbiotics goats’ milk tablets had been developed. Then through the center combination design(CCD), composite synbiotics goats’ milk tablets were developed. Finally, all kinds of goats’ milk tablets were stored at the temperature of-18℃, 4℃ and 25℃ and packed using two kinds of materials, regularly to detect quality variation, ultimately determine the optimal storage conditions. The main conclusions were as follows:(1) The optimal preparation process of Lactobacillus acidophilus powder were: The anti-freeze factors including 4% glycerol, 0.4% trehalose, 0.4% sodium chloride, 0.004% alanine were added into MRS; The composite protective agent including 13% trehalose, 0.23% Na2HPO4, 3.5% lactose, 24% skim milk powder were added into bacterial sludge; The Lactobacillus acidophilus powder was obtained which the viable count reached(6.5±0.2)×1011cfu/g and survival rate reached(88±1.8)%. The optimal preparation process of Bifidobacterium bifidum powder were: The anti-freeze factors including 0.74% Na Cl, 0.08% sorbitol, 0.02% glutamic acid were added into MRS; The composite protective agent including 5.5% glycine, 0.8% sodium bicarbonate, 7% oligo xylose, 4.5% Arg, 25% skim milk were added into bacterial sludge; The Bifidobacterium bifidum powder was obtained which the viable count reached(5.2±0.2)×1011cfu/g and survival rate reached(84±1.6)%.(2) The effects of six kinds of prebiotics added to probiotics goats’ milk tablets on viable count, hardness, friability and sensory evaluation of LA-5 and BB01 were not completely identical. At the concentration of 0.8%, the effects of stachyose, fructo-oligosaccharides on viable count of LA-5 and BB01 were significantly influence, respectively, but on the hardness, friability and sensory evaluation were not too significant. Comprehensive consideration, LA-5 synbiotics goats’ milk tablets was selection of stachyose as prebiotics, and BB01 was selection of fructo-oligosaccharides as prebiotics.(3) The best process conditions of LA-5 goats’ milk tablet were: sucrose of 7.23%, glucose of 2.87%, mannitol of 1.90%, and the finished product was obtained: the viable count of(5.28±0.07)×107cfu/g, hardness of(3.94±0.05) kgf, friability of(0.53±0.02) %, sensory evaluation of(91±0.5) points; The best process conditions of BB01 goats’ milk tablet were: sucrose of 6.95%, glucose of 1.50%, mannitol of 1.50%, D- sodium erythorbate of 0.05%, and the finished product was obtained: the viable count of(6.92±0.03)×107cfu/g hardness of(4.28±0.05) kgf, friability of(0.43±0.02) %, sensory evaluation of(92±0.7) points; The best process conditions of composite probiotics goats’ milk tablet were: the compound probiotics total amount of 0.7%, strain ratio of 1:1, D-sodium erythorbate of 0.05%, and the finished product was obtained: the viable count of LA-5 of(6.05±0.02)×108cfu/g, viable count of BB01 of(4.68±0.03)×108cfu/g, hardness of(4.20±0.01) kgf, friability of(0.43±0.01)%, and sensory score of(92±1.2) points.(4) The best process conditions of LA-5 synbiotics goats’ milk tablet were: sucrose of 7.23%, glucose of 2.87%, mannitol of 1.90%, stachyose of 0.8% and the finished product was obtained: the viable count of(9.20±0.03)×107cfu/g, hardness of(4.62±0.03) kgf, friability of(0.53±0.02) %, sensory evaluation of(91±0.5) points; The best process conditions of BB01 synbiotic goats’ milk tablet were: sucrose of 6.95%, glucose of 1.50%, mannitol of 1.50%, D- sodium erythorbate of 0.05%, fructooligosaccharides of 0.8%, and the finished product was obtained: the viable count of(7.60±0.02)×107cfu/g hardness of(4.83±0.02) kgf, friability of(0.48±0.02) %, sensory evaluation of(90±0.5) points; The best process conditions of composite synbiotics goats’ milk tablet were: stachyose of 0.8%, fructooligosaccharides of 0.8%, and the finished product was obtained: the viable count of LA-5 of(7.10±0.02)×108 cfu/g, viable count of BB01 of(6.03±0.03)×108 cfu/g, hardness of(3.82±0.02) kgf, friability of(0.44±0.01)%, and sensory evaluation for(94.3±1.5) points.(5) With the extension of storage time, the viable count of all kinds of goats’ milk tablets gradually decreased, but the hardness gradually increased; within the 28 d viable count decreased greatly, then decreased extent was smaller; Under the condition of 25 ℃, LA-5 and BB01 goats’ milk tablets could store 150d; Composite probiotics and synbiotics goats’ milk tablets could store 180 d at room temperature; By this time, the viable counts were 1.0×106cfu/g, hardness was also moderate, not easy to be broken, and sensory evaluation was good; Packaging material made with aluminum foil bag was better than clip chain bag,The preparation of goats’ milk tablets of probiotics or prebiotics by using the above process had the advantages of high viable counts, good stability, low friability, moderate hardness, and good sensory evaluation. It is beneficial to industrial production, safe storage and quality control, and also can provide a reliable theoretical basis and technical support for the goats’ milk tablets.