Research Of The CO₂ Monitoring System Based On Internet Of Things

Along with the development of society and industry, the long-term using of fossil fuels(including coal, oil and natural gas) leads to the ever growing of carbon dioxide(CO2) discharged in the atmosphere, the gradually warming of the global climate, and the formation of increasingly obvious greenhouse effect, which poses a dreadful threat to our survival environment. In order to effectively control this trend of global warming, it is a need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Compared with the traditional scheme of carbon dioxide emissions reduction, Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS) technology that developed in recent years is more targeted and effective, so that it is a high-quality solution to the problem of carbon dioxide emissions in both electricity and energy industry. As a technology which can separate and capture CO2 during the process of industrial production; also can compress CO2 into underground or submarine to isolate CO2 from the air, CCS can reduce CO2 emissions significantly. Because CCS technology is consistent with the existing energy system infrastructure construction and the resources restriction of CCS technology is small, the technology has become the hot spot during many industrialized countries once it came out. China is a big country in fossil fuel use, but also has the great potential of CO2 geological storage. Therefore, although the CCS technology has not existed for a long time in China, but the research of our country has already moved on from the text period into industrialization stage.At present, China’s CCS demonstration project has achieved initial results in the early stage; greatly reduce the emissions of enterprises CO2. At the same time, in order to ensure the good operation of the CCS demonstration project in the late period, the security problems of CO2 geological storage has become a top priority. Therefore, we must establish a strict monitoring and control system for CCS projects to monitor the possible leakage of CO2, and to avoid the damage to the environment. Where, the repository of the surrounding soil and atmospheric CO2 monitoring is an important component. Through the long-term monitoring, monitoring data can not only intuitively reflect the migration of CO2 among the land surface as well as the influence of CO2 geological storage to the surrounding environment, but also find CO2 escape path timely when the storage wells leak.In this article, we applied the Internet of Things Technology to realize the frame design of the CO2 monitoring system. The system includes three layers: the perception layer, the transport layer, and the application layer. The perception layer mainly involves a variety of environmental factors sensors, infrared CO2 monitoring device, solar power supply device, and monitoring control module for data acquisition. The transport layer realizes data transmission process in two parts: one part is the short-distance wireless transmission based on Zigbee technology using between multi nodes within monitoring region; another part is the long-distance wireless transmission based on GPRS technology when it communicates with the host computer from CO2 geological storage sites. The application layer carries on the PC monitoring platform software development and database design; it realizes the remote monitor of CO2 monitoring system.In general, this article leads to the following conclusion:(1) By applying the Internet of Things Technology on the system frame design, it completes the data acquisition processing and the real-time monitoring.(2) By using the single wave dual channel infrared detection method on the measurement of CO2 concentration, the acquisition result is highly precise. That means the system gets charged by the solar power supply device effectively guarantee the system to work normally in the field.(3) By effectively combining both short-distance wireless transmission based on Zigbee technology and long-distance wireless transmission based on GPRS technology, the wireless communication ability is greatly improved because the management of the network node is more convenience.