Traffic Planning Environmental Impact Assessment Study

Transport construction project often possesses a lot of soil, consumes many resources and brings grievous impact to natural environment; as a result many countries lead Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system into transport construction project. China also introduces EIA system into transport construction project in the eighties of 20th century. In 20 years afterwards, transport construction project EIA system has played an important role in bringing about an advance in regional economy and rational overall arrangement of the project, increasing the input of environmental protection, promoting comprehensive decision of environment and economy and improving consciousness of environmental protection. Limitation of project EIA and demand for sustainable development are the main reasons of developing Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). The law of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was taken effect in September 1,2003. The law established the juristic station of SEA, and it become more urgent to research Transport Plan Environmental Impact Assessment (TPEIA). The dissertation summarized the TPEIA research and the research of SEA, pointed out the significance or TPEIA. At present, TPEIA is scarcely reported in China, and is short of theories and methods. The dissertation constructed the basic theories and methods and procedures systems of TPEIA. The dissertation pointed out the basic theories of TPEIA includes four important sections: Being an important method to implement sustainable development strategy, TPEIA measures the strategic sustainability from environmental aspect, puts forward mitigate, remedial and substitute proposals from sustainable developmental point of view, and provides environmental warranties for the final policy-making and implementation. The ones that the intension of environmental protection in transport plan and the theory of ecological balance that ecosystem emphasized are compatible. Following the ecological basic principles, the transport cause can be developed continuously; violate the ecological basic principles, will cause the destruction of the ecological environment. The core work of TPEIA provides environmental basis for the optimization of schemes of transport plan, and put forward proposals of slowing down environmental impact, basic work of the optimization of schemes of transport plan is economic analysis of environmental impact. The subjects and contents of TPEIA are complicated. So the decompose and harmonize theory of big system ,the theory of fuzzy mathematic and AHP should also be used as guidance of TPEIA. The dissertation set five principles on how to carry out TPEIA, discussed three kinds of methods in TPEIA, i.e. the methods of traditional EIA; the methods of policy appraise; the methods of new development of Strategic Environmental Assessment. Furthermore the dissertation Explain emphatically TPEIA system and Working routine. TPEIA system applied briefly in The Second Development Study SEA. The dissertation puts forward a frame of highway EIA report by the appraise theory,method,procedure system of TPEIA above paragraph, and explains its contents.