Effect The Development Of Mineral Resources Based On Gis And Rs Ecological Environment Monitoring And Evaluation

At present, 90 percent energy sources and 80 percent industrial material come from themineral resources. As is well known, the mineral resources exploiting especially open mineexploiting has great influence on ecological environment. In a sense, the mineral resourcesexploiting not only consumes the mineral resources but also damages environment.Based on remote sensing and geographic information system technology, this paper bringsforward ways of monitoring and evaluating the ecological environment of mining area. Firstly,high-intense exploitation of mineral resources have brought about a series of environmentalproblems, such as the large-area failure, ground subsidence, geological hazards, waste water, wasteliquid ,waste gas, underground water recourses drying up, land recourse occupied ,soil eroding,vegetation damaged , mineral resources losing and ecosystem diversity losing and so on. A seriesof environmental problems are summarized as three types, namely, the earth's surface damaged,environmental quality damaged and biology damaged. Secondly, in order to monitor andevaluate the ecological environment of mining area, this paper establishes some indexes, namely,ecological type, vegetation status, naked status, soil eroding, water pollution and the earth'ssurface damaged. At the same time, image processing includes PCA transformation, NDVItransformation, and multi-band combination and Hydrothermal Composite transformation.Thirdly, different GIS evaluation methods are used to survey the ecological environment ofmining area. Virtual GIS is used to display the earth's surface damaged. Buffer Analysis, OverlayAnalysis and Fuzzy Mathematics are applied to evaluate environment quality. LandscapeEcology is used to appraise biology damaged.Lanping Lead-Zinc Mine is taken as an example, Its ecological environment of mining areais monitored and evaluated by applying remote sensing data including MSS in 1976, TM in 1995and TM in 2004. The analysis result indicates: 1).The area of bare land in 1976 occupied 9.71%,while that in 2004 occupied 24.83%. 2) The low vegetation tends to increase and high vegetationtends to decrease. 3) The indexes of ecosystem diversity, ecosystem fragmentation and humandisturbance tend to increase.It is important to apply remote sensing data to monitor and evaluate the ecologicalenvironment of mining area .On the one hand, the current situation about environmental qualityof mining area can be known. On the other hand, it is beneficial for the government to improvethe management of the mining area, get essential data, put forward valuable conclusion and takemeasures to protect mining area. The most important of all, the paper provides ideas formonitoring and evaluating the ecological environment of mining area in the future.