Common Substance Of The Phosphorus Chemical Industry Standards (fire) And Environmental Hazards Coefficient,

The chemical engineering of phosphorus is developed rapidly in central and western section of China. Now it is faced with two difficult troubles of consuming too much energy and making bad pollution. Studing of Technology —economy—ecology tripling optimization can provide the chemical engineering of phosphorus with academic and technical guidance in making use of energy efficiently, cutting down materials costs, reducing environmental pollution and realizing cleaner production.In the national standard of technical guides of China for exergy analysis(1994), only a small amount of standard exergy of chemicals were calculated. And with datum of thermodynamics properties being amended, a lot of standard exergy of chemicals need be revised. In addition, there is still room for improvement in environmental reference model, which is the reference standard of calculation of chemical standard exergy. So standard exergy of many chemicals nend be calculated or revised in the chemical engineering of phosphorus. At the same time, the theory and method of environmental impact quantitative assessment based on exergy concept is not enough mature. The relationship between exergy of pollutant and its environmental impact remains to be studied. In order to carry out Studing of Technology—economy—ecology tripling optimization in the chemical engineering of phosphorus, these problems must be solved.The main focus of the thesis is to study of standard exergy of familiar chemicals in the chemical engineering of phosphorus, explore environmental impact of these chemicals based on exergy concept, and make great efforts to assess quantitatively environmental impact of its.The research content of the thesis is mainly shown as the followings:1. Current research achievements of quantitative environmental impact assessment and the development of exergy analysis is review. Then the relationship between traditional exergy analysis methods and environmental impact is expounded. Furthermore, current research development ofenvironmental impact assessment based on exergy concept is described and several connected issues are discusseed.2. On the basis of thermodynamics fundamental theory, the feasibility and advantage of environmental impact assessment based on exergy concept is demonstrated. And in order to apply exergy concept to environmental impact assessment more easily, the thesis puts forward a more accurate definition of exergy by emphasizing the status of environment. According to the new definition, a general mathematical expression of thermodynamic exergy is derived, which manifests the inherent and quantitative relation of exergy and entropy.3. The relationship between chemical exergy of the discharged substances and its environmental impact is explored. By introducingenvironmental harm coefficient which shows the toxic effect of chemicals, the exergy of chemical pollutant is correlated with its environmental impact. Then the thesis puts forward a better exergy mothod of assessing environmental impact of chemical pollutants. Furthermore, quantitative environmental impact of internal exergy loss and external exergy loss are assessed respectively. Finally, the quantitative index of assessing environmental impact of producing systems, called System Environmental Impac t (SEI), is defined. And the expression of calculationa of SEI is also presented.4. Environmental reference models and its involving theory is described. And some problems in the environmental reference model, which is adopted national standard of technical guides of China for exergy analysis (1994), is indicated. Furthermore, the thesis discusses and puts forward the reason that environmental reference model and its theory need be improved urgently.5. Four fundamental characteristics of environmental reference model is summarized. Furthermore, 4 basic principles to work out environmental reference model is presented. Based on the basic principles, the thesis puts forward a better environmental reference model and a new data system of element standard exergy involving 86 kinds of elements. Be compared withthe environmental reference model adopted national standard of china (1994), the new model modifies standard compounds of 28 kinds of elements and adds standard compounds of 6 kinds of elementSo6. According to new authoritative datas of thermodynamics properties and the new data system of element standard exergy, standard exergy of 120 kinds of familiar chemicals in the chemical engineering of phosphorus is calculated.7. According to the calculating model of potential harm coefficient which was presented by Environmental Protection Agency of the United States, the thesis studies and calculates environmental harm coefficient of 98 kinds of familiar chemicals (mainly discharged substances)in the chemical engineering of phosphorus.