Surface Water Pollution Microwave Real-time Monitoring Study

The real-time monitoring system of microwave has wide, fast and with low costs range of monitoring, and easy to carry on advantages such as long-term dynamic monitoring, etc., realize the macroscopic, effective new and high technology means to monitor environmental pollution fast, continuously and dynamically. Utilize microwave technology monitoring environmental pollution and other routines to monitor the method and combine together, help to set up microwave monitoring in real-time and early warning system of the sudden environmental pollution accident.In terms of the theory of various pollutants having different attenuation of absorption to the electromagnetic wave, we can judge what kind of pollutant in the surface water and their concentration through datasheets and relevant conclusions about characteristic frequency and the attenuation amplitude set up by the microwave real-time monitoring system and a large number of experiments.Spread principle and microwave technology of the electromagnetic wave to environmental monitoring are applied in this paper. This paper has introduce the operation principle of the real-time monitoring system of this microwave in detail and studied the structure of microwave real-time monitoring system of water pollution that frequency is 200-2000MHz emphatically, and the concrete design and realizing of every component. The main contents are as follows:1. Describes the source of the project, using value, domestic and international research dynamic status in detail and the challenge we have faced as well.2. Have designed the transmission aerials and reception antennas in the system with Archimedes' spiral aerials of level which adopted broadband.3. The broadband power amplifier is designed in detail with the broadband technology.4. Have designed and achieved the small signal amplifier with a multi-stage cascade consisting.5. The method is applied with comparing with measured attenuation curves(S₂₁), the sensitive frequence of absorption to the electromagnetic wave by each kind of pollutant and the corresponding attenuation amplitude will be find through much of experiments based on this system.6. The corresponding datasheet between concentration and attenuation amplitude of several kinds of common pollutants will be set up by more detailed experiments.The absorption curves (S₂₁) to the electromagnetic wave about the different pollutants will be achieved by applying to the system to do large numbers of experiments through a contrast way in this paper. The solid foundation is built for the realization of microwave real-time monitoring through studying and finding the absorbed and resonating peak point of each kind of pollutant in the frequency range of 200-2000MHz. The experimental result reveals, the obvious peak has appeared within the range of 250-350MHz, the position of the peak will change in terms of different pollutants as well. The experimental result is of repeated very well and this indicates that this method is totally effective.