Micro-spacecraft Detection System And Its Target Recognition Algorithm

Space detecting is paid attention to by more and more country along with thedeveloping of space technology. Small size, low power and low cost MicrospacecraftTarget Detector(MTD) is the mainly developing detection in the space detecting field.The MTD get worldwide attention in the military affairs and civil hightecnology for itscharacters of small,easily move,can famate and so on. In the military affairs, the MTDcan do many kinds of tasks. For example the imaging of space target, space electronicreconnoiters, electronic interferes and target hold off. In the civil affairs the mostimportant use of MTD is the spacial experiment on the orbit. Small satellit with lowcost and short period will bring hope for spacial experiment in high and newtechnology field, on the other hand the high technology demonstrating and validating isan important way to make the researching production into project. It can accelerate thetransform for research productions to project develop and application, reduce theventure of development, and improve using benefit. So the MTD accelerates the speedof validating the new technology and the speed of technical update and put the spacialtechnology forward. Because the technology in small satellite field developing andrefreshing is very fast, it is a very important work to strengthen high technologydemonstration and validation.The MTD mainly function is imaging and recongnizing the spacial target. In spacebackground, there is relative movement among the target, and MTD. So it is difficult torecognize the target. Further more the MTD's cubage, hardware resource, processingspeed and power are very limited.Considerating the source of MTD, two kinds of recognising algorithm was shownin the thesis: One is multi-frame image recognising algorithm. It mainly containsimage edge extract and deference base on image registration and double differencebased on image registration. Aimed at resolving the relative movement among thetarget, space background and MTD, the new algorithm was put forward. The core ofthe two algorithm is image registration. Another algorithm is single-frame imagerecognising algorithm, called improved connected recognising algorithm. Thealgorithm only processes one frame image and avoids the influence of the relativemovement among the target,space background and MTD. By the way the hardwareresource and calculation are small. The first processing of algorithm is binary theimage frame MTD, the second step is connecting component labeling the binaryimage, at last one is searching the image with egiht-coneceted way to find the biggestconnected in the image-the target, and caculate out the parameters of azimuth angle,pitching angle and the dimension of the gate. The result of experiment indicates thatthe improved connected algorithm excelled the other algorithms on the processingspeed and the hardware resource requirement. In the project, the connection betweendectecting sensor and computer was realized, and exploit out a software system whichcontains different recognition algorithms and meet the item's needs. In order to satisfy the small size of MTD, the improved connected algorithm based on DSP was realized.By the way the CMOS image data source based on was designed. In conclusion, theimproved connected algorithm reached the requirement of real time, and get a goodrecognising result.This thesis mainly completed the pre-research of the MTD recongnise target in thespace, the thesis summed up all the work and put forward some benefit advices for thefurhter work.