| Toxicodendron succedaneum is a small deciduous tree of Toxicodendron of Anacardiaceae, a special economic species which can harvest seeds and wax. It mainly distributes in Japan, China, India, Thailand, South Korea and other large warm and humid areas. The seeds of Toxicodendron succedaneum are 0.5 to 1 times larger than Toxicodendron verniciflum; and its production is high. Lacquer wax is a kind of oil extracted from wild lacquer seeds, which contains more than 90% of fatty acid glyceride, and the content of palmitic acid among them reaches about 70%.Wild lacquer wax has great utilization prosperity which is widely used in coating, daily practice chemicals, culture articles, electronics and electrcian technology, textile and printing and dyeing, high-grade cosmetics, medicine and other fields. This research regards the lacquer seeds as experimental material, extracted lacquer wax by solvent extraction of Soxhlet extraction, explored the process of the extraction, tested and analyzed the physical and chemical character, the composition of fatty acid of lacquer wax. The main results are as follows:1. On the basis of the single-factor, we choose three factors that is, pulverization degree, extraction temperature and extraction time, take the extraction rate as evaluating indicators, design orthogonal experiment for lacquer wax extraction with different solvents. The results show the superior lacquer wax extract technological conditions are:the extraction solvent of lacquer wax is petroleum ether(30～60℃) extraction time is 70min, extraction temperature is 52℃, material pulverization degree is 18 item, and extraction rate of lacquer wax is 57.8%. This method of lacquer wax extraction has the characteristics of high rate, good luster, and the technical indicators are all in line with national standards.2. The second part of this article study different solvents to the lacquer wax extraction, such as, albedo value, melting point and chemical characteristics. Preliminary study is taken on the effects that different solvents have impact on the quality of lacquer wax. The experiment shows that the petroleun ether (30～60℃) is the best solvent to the lacquer wax extraction. Because the albedo value of lacquer wax is high and its luster is good. The acid value of lacquer wax is minimum, saving its refining cost. The maximum value of saponification describes that lacquer wax is in the higher levels of fatty acids, with high comprehensive utilization. The solvent has little effect on the lacquer wax melting point and Iodine value.3. By gas chromatography methord to analyze Japanese lacquer wax and lacquer wax which are extracted by different solvent. The results show that the major fatty acids of Japanese lacquer wax extracted by different solvents are palmitic acid. The Japanese lacquer wax extracted by petroleum ether has the highest palmitic acid, more than 77.86% of total fatty acids. The palm acid of Japanese lacquer wax extracted by Acetone and water mixture has the lowest, only 71%. The results of GC-Temperature programm showed that the chromatographic peaks of the Japanese lacquer wax extracted by petroleum ether and ether were up to 19. Different solvents have significant effects on Japanese lacquer wax extraction and its composition.4. The oxidation stability trial of Japanese lacquer wax extracted by different solvents shows that:The albedo value of Japanese lacquer wax extracted by petroleun ether is high. During the storage; albedo value of the Japanese lacquer wax changes slowly. The peroxide value of Japanese lacquer wax extracted by petroleum is the minimum, about 4.97 mmol/kg; and it increases as the time goes in the course of the storage. With the increase of storage time, peroxide value of Japanese lacquer wax extracted by Hexane, Ether, Acetone has the tendence of increasing first then falling down. |
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