Our Nation's Reconstruction Of The Optimized Institution During The Institution Changing Of Agricultural Insurance

With the "three rural" work carried out in-depth, depending on the powerful positioning of risk transferring, reducing fiscal spending, promoting the agricultural steady development, agricultural insurance is taken as the effective policy tool and financial tool during the protection for agricultural production. Meanwhile it has been put on the important agenda for the government affairs. Since 2004, the government has made clear and steady instructions in developing "policy-oriented agricultural insurance system" on the first file during the continuous seven years. On the supporting of several preferential policy and subsidy effort, the agricultural insurance system gradually gets rid of the low efficiency and low demand interrupted by the old institution. But there are still many history problems harassing the development for agricultural insurance system. The restraining factors arising from the system provoke us deep thought.The article takes the consumer surplus theory of Marshall as starting point, from the welfare economics aspect researching how to expand the consumer surplus and producer surplus to arrive at the goal of maximum for the total market surplus, which is the final goal of the welfare optimum. Then it relies on the institutional change theory of North and path dependence theory, revealing the evidence for the path choice during the agricultural insurance system change and the theoretic reasons for poor performance. It's necessary to card the process the infancy period before the founding of nation and the development and change after the founding of nation for agricultural insurance system before we analysis the performance of agricultural system further. However we found although there are some economic and welfare effects in the two agricultural insurance system change, the problems born in the system are left behind. The path dependence and the exchange cost can explain the cause why the change is incomplete. The construction of the policy-oriented agricultural insurance system for the nation is still on the starting stage, lack of the experience calls for consulting the successful case of developed country in constructing agricultural insurance system. The article chooses America and Japan which have the similar system mode with our nation, concluding their successful experience on the legal construction, organization system construction, policy supply, agricultural insurance protection scope. Finally, the article starts from constructing maximum for the producer surplus and consumer surplus, rebuilding the optimum welfare framework of our nation's agricultural insurance system in six aspects.