Study Of The Central Region Of The Urban-rural Income Gap

The harmony in benefit is very important to harmonious society. In 2003, per capita GDP in our country has reached more than 1000 US dollars, but the problem of income disparity between urban areas and rural areas is serious and the income gap is increasingly widening, so more and more people focus much attention on the problem.The hypothesis of "Poured U" and the dual economic structure theory have conducted the real diagnosis research and the theoretical analysis in the economic growth and studied the income disparity between urban areas and rural areas; Marxism has analyzed the condition and the process, the antithesis between town and country nature and the function, the city and countryside overall plan development way and the condition which the city and countryside separation produces; The domestic scholars have analyzed its historical vicissitude, reduces and the countermeasure by using such tools as index of income disparity between urban areas and areas rural, Lorenz curve, Gini's coefficient, and having method to research the problem of income disparity between urban areas and rural areas. Based on thesis, the author analyze the disparity between urban areas and rural areas of the middle area in our country by taking Chenxi County of Hunan Province as example, and explained the difficulty of farmer income increasing and the income disparity between urban areas and rural areas expand unceasingly to lie in the system flaw. In order to control the income disparity between urban areas and rural areas of the middle, we must carry on the system innovation.The moderate is a very import content and premise to the income gap. The moderate of income disparity between urban areas and rural areas refers to the income disparity between urban areas and rural areas being in appropriate. It not only can arouse people's enthusiasm, but also can avoid the excessive income gap. On international they usually see Gini's coefficient in 0.3-0.4 or index of income disparity between urban areas and rural areas in 1.5-2.0 as moderate sector of income disparity between urban areas and rural areas. But in fact, according to the relations between income disparity between urban areas and rural areas of our country and the economic development and the social stability, we concluded that the moderate sector of income disparity between urban areas and rural areas in our country should be in 2.0--2.5 in the urban and rural income differential index. The six provinces of middle areas are the areas in which the agricultural population is most centralized. Taking Chenxi County as example, we analyzed the present situation and found that the income disparity between urban areas and rural areas in the middle areas is oversized. The situation of income gap is very serious. Based on the investigation of Chenxi County, we discovered that the family management income and the wage income are the main income which the farmers of middle areas get; but the income gap between urban and middle rural areas is extremely wide. It has surpassed the moderate sector. According to system theory of the Marxism, we thought the system flaw is a root which caused the present income disparity between urban areas and rural areas, regardless the present land system, the city and countryside dual financial and tax system, the lateral economic ties, the educational system, the social security systems, and the ingrained agricultural culture has all hindered the farmer's income increase, and has been enlarging the income gap. In order to increase the farmer's income, control the income disparity between urban areas and rural areas, we must reform the farmland system, innovate government public financial system, reform lateral economic ties and the employment system, accelerate the system construction of human capital forms in countryside, establish the perfect countryside social security systems.