| Material flow analysis is the chief assignment in the course of theconstruction of circular economy in lead-zinc smelter. The rationalizationof material flows plays an extremely significant role in smelting. Butthere was no literature on material flow analysis methods for constructingcircular economy in lead-zinc smelter. Based on the character of circulareconomic construction in lead-zinc smelter, a material flow analysisapproach and its application were studied in this paper.The flowsheet in present lead-zinc smelter was analyzed, and theinsufficiency in aspects of resource, energy, and environment, andintegrated connotation of circular economy was put forward. Theprinciple of "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" (3R) is obeyed to build the MFAmethod in circular economy. It is necessary to adopt lead-zinc unitedsmelting flowsheet and closed materials management system in thesmelter for the circular economy. And through contrasting the change inthe aspect of material flow indicators between cowboy-economy andcircular economy, the character of resource, energy and the waste in lead-zinc smelter after implementing circular economic construction isachieved, and accordingly the mathematics model is established asfollows, sum from i=1 to n Pi=F[(R0+r1)-(W1-r1)]+F[(R1+r2)+(W1-r1)-(W2-r2)]+…+F[(Rn-1+rn)+(Wn-1-rn-1)-(Wn-rn)]According to above analysis, based on the comparision of existingmaterial flow analysis approaches and combined the character of lead andzinc ore, the material flow analysis approach is conceived. The method ofMaterial Total Demand and Output (TMRO) is used to inspect overallinput, the consumption and output of lead-zinc smelter. The mentality ofLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to track the mobile situation of leadand zinc element between the two smelting craft. The distributioncoefficients of lead and zinc between products and the waste is asfollows, a=α1Pb,product=U1Pb,product/(U1Pb,feed+U21Pb,recycle) b=α1Pb,residue=U1Pb,residue/(U1Pb,feed+U21Pb,recycle) c=α2Zn.product=U2Zn,product/(U2Zn,feed+U12Zn,recycle) d=α2Zn,residue=U2Zn,residue/(U2Zn,feed+U12Zn,recycle)The system composed of lead-zinc smelter and urroundingenvironment may be resolved into three subsystems of lead and zincsmelting production, associated elements production and environmentalproduction. According to the principle of mass conservation, theaggregate model of material flow is as follows, R1=1/(β1(1-β3)+β3(1-β5)+β2β5(1-β4))P W3=((1-β1)(1-β3)-β4β5(1-β2)+β5(β3-β2))/(β1(1-β3)+β3(1-β5)+β2β5(1-β4))PTaken the the byproducts concentrating the coexisting elements asthe research object, SFA is adopted to analyze their recovery situation.And through static analysis of the related factors determining the quantityof natural resource demand and the waste, the way of realizing circulareconomy development in lead-zinc smelter is carried on. The resultsindicate that the measures of raising the utilizing efficiency of the naturalresources, recycling rate of waste in lead-zinc smelting production andassociated mineral recycling production will reduce the influence oflead-zinc smelting production to the natural environment.Above method and the model is used to analyze material flow ofZhuzhou smelter. The results are as follows. The flows of resources,energy and the waste have reduced. And the ration of lead and zinc oreutilization in the smelting production the current capacity to have thevarying degree reducing, the lead zinc resources efficiency has enhanced.But it is lower than that of the overseas advanced level. The proportion ofthe wasted zinc residue treated by the lead smelting system is 8.82%.Most of them are still treated by rotary kiln. So the advantage of unitedlead-zinc smelting is unable fully to display. The comprehensiveutilization situation of lead and zinc associated metallic elements is notsatisfying. The comprehensive ratio is not high. This provides good instruction for the construction of circular economy in Zhuzhou smelter.And it indicates that the research in this paper has a certain applicationvalue. |
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