Coastal Tourism Development, Environmental Impact Studies

The coast zone is an area connected by continent and ocean, which is effected by two kinds of outside force from continent and ocean at the same time, its'nature environment is sensitivity and frangibility. While developing coast tour inevitably impacts the environment of the coast zone.This paper takes Hengsha Island in Chongming county and the Seashore Tourism Spending Holiday District in Nanhui District as an example, the quantitative method was applied to study the impact that from the exploitation and development of coast tour to the environment. The main study includes two parts:(1)Study the impact results from the development of coast tour to water environment. Taking the Angel Beach Spending Holiday Village in Hengsha Island and the Seashore Tourism Spending Holiday District in Nanhui District as examples, we sampled water from the two study areas in midseason touring and off-season touring and analyzed the samples. The following four kinds of polluting indexes were inspected:①s ense organ physics index: turbidity;②oxygen balance factors: DO,BOD5,COD;③nutrient salt factors: TP,NH3-N,Chla ;④sour alkali factor: pH. Compared the first testing results with the second testing results and analyzed them. Consulted the standard of recreational water (GB12941—91) and the standard of water quality on the earth surfac(eGB3838-88)to judge of the water quality of the study areas. Moreover, compared my inspection results with the inspection data of the anabranch of Jianjiang which water quality was all right, which obtained in 12th July 2001 and 13th July 2001, to analyze the water quality of the study areas.(2) Study the impact results from the development of coast tour to LUCC. Taking Hengsha Island for an example, using three periods of Landsat-5 TM remote sensing date of Hengsha Island which was sensed in 1987, 1996 and 2006, based on the classification of the pictures ,firstly, calculated the acreage of every land utilization type and analyzed dynamic change in quantity of them in different periods; secondly, analyzed the quantitative relation between their interconversion and the conversion process through establishing the land use change matrix from1987 to 1996 and the land use change matrix from1996 to 2006; finally, did the correlation analysis links with the social economy statistical datas of Hengsha Island in the last 20 years, probed into the drive force, in order to reveal the impact from the development of coast tour to LUCC in Hengsha Island.The study results indicate:(1) The development of coast tour could pollute the water environment to some extent;(2) The water bodies in the research area have the ability to dispel contamination, but it can not dispel all the contamination. So,some measures must be taken to prevent the water from polluting.(3) The pollution grades from the different traveling activity are also different. The water which is used for boating, fishing and playing golf on the water is polluted worse than the water which is used for landscape watching;(4) The development of coast tour could impact the LUCC indirectly.