Sang Hong Official Work, Officials And Businessmen Thought

Sang Hongyang is a famous ancient chrematistics of China. At that time he was the major person of making and carrying out the financial and economic policies. He involved the financial and economic policies of Han-wudi Era directly for more than 30 years. Non importance vs importance theory of Guan Zhong was succeeded by him, and the theory was used widely in Xihan dynasty. As the person who stood for the state, he tried his best to advocate positive financial policy. Under his leading, Xihan Government implemented the state-industry and state-commerce positively. Salt, Iron and Alcohol were managed by government. Meanwhile Loses policies, Balance policies, and Unified policies and so on, were implemented. By means of the experiences in the commercial operation, Sang Hongyang made the country participate in the business activities as an economic body, and closely combined the state's intervention with the state's use of the economic levels, and combined governmental behaviors with the market economy. At the same time, he not only used the executive orders and legal instruments to intervene economy, but also joined administrative instrument and the business rules. Therefore, the country obtained huge social and economic benefits. The Sang Hongyang's thought promoted the development of the Feudalistic society.This paper mainly includes five parts. The chapter one introduces the background and basis of the thought, in the early Xihan dynasty, the rich businessmen and landholders controlled the pivotal economy such as Iron, Salt and Mint. Because of long-term war, a lot of money was spent. Added up to the waste of the emperor, the financial deficit was very big, so the Sang Hongyang's thought appeared. We introduced his theory on the state-industry, state-commerce, extravagance-frugal and so on. The chapter two mainly introduces the theory on state-industry and state-commerce, we divided this theory into three parts, that is state participated in business, paying more attention to foreign trade, uniting monetary system. In the chapter three, we introduced in detail how to carry on the main economic policies in this thought, from the aim to the major economic policies, the result and apocalypse of these policies. In the chapter four, mostly analyzes that this thought's succession to non importance vs importance theory of Guan Zhong, the State-industry and State-commerce is a portion of the traditionally economic structure in China, which is a special phenomenon in governmentally administrate economy in Chinese ancientness. It can be said that Chinese commercial economy and the feudal official were bound together; it always was the aim of governors that the government managed business and enjoyed the benefits together with the businessmen. In the process of the State-industry and State-commerce, it is inevitable that the officers colluded with the businessmen. In the chapter five, considers this phenomenon, and promotes some suggestions.