Conflict And Co-ordination Of Non-governmental Organizations (ngos) And Multilateral Trading System

Since 1980's, Non-governmental Organizations (short for NGOs) have been ready to rise in the world stage and they have deeply influenced every corner of the globe. NGOs care about almost every field, from environmental protection, human rights protection, poverty-alleviation, the interests of labors and the public health to anti-corruption, the refugees' rights, anti-terrorism and disarmament of nuclear weapons. A great number of NGOs, large or small, all participate in the international activities by formal and legitimate cooperation with national states or international governmental organizations, or by such direct actions as demonstrations and rebellions. Therefore, this thesis aims to probe the relationship between NGOs and multi-lateral trade regime in the perspective of the international economic law and then to set up an adjustment system to reduce their conflicts. So that NGOs can play a full role in the international trade activities and the multi-lateral regime may be more concerned about the interests of the public, especially those who are living under-privileged.This thesis can be divided in to four parts with a total number of 33,000 words.Part one focuses on some basic problems of NGOs, such as the definition of NGOs, the international legal status of NGOs, and the condition and environment for the growth of NGOs. By analysis of these problems, it can be included that the international legal status of NGOs should be established as soon as possible.Part two deals with relationship between NGOs and multi-lateral trade regime. Two opposite opinions hereby are introduced. However, we believe that the two sides are intertwined and can benefit to each other. Therefore, it should be advocated that NGOs and the multi-lateral trade regime should co-operate hand by hand though opposition still exists. We should overcome the conflicts and opposition and promote their communications, so that they can make common progress in such a harmonious relationship. Finally, two main reasons are introduced to deeply understand the conflicts and then to be helpful to coordinate their relationship.Part three aims to set up an adjustment system. Due to the valuable contributions, including in the fields of rule-making and dispute settlements, this thesis tries to establish an adjustment system on the basis of the UN Model. This adjustment system adopts the classification method to manage the NGOs as the UN does. And it sets up a channel for filing complaints and it will make great efforts to balance the gap between NGOs from developed countries and developing countries. Although the adjustment system is not so perfect, it really provides some new ideas which maybe benefit to the later practice. And we expect it will be enriched through practice.Part four will provide some rational suggestions for the adjustment system. First of all, this part puts forward some natural problems of NGOs, such as the unsteady legitimacy of NGOs, the accountability of NGOs, the unbalance development of NGOs, and the negative or extremist reactions of NGOs. Next, it points out some problems of the system, such as the cost, the effectiveness evaluation, and the external supervision. Finally, it gives some useful and workable suggestions to the problems above.This thesis adopts the methods of comparativeness and analogue. In comparison with international public law and international politics, it talks about the legitimacy of NGOs in international economic law. And by analogue with the UN Model, it establishes an adjustment system between NGOs and multi-lateral trade regime. Then it can be included that the conflicts between NGOs and multi-lateral trade regime are compatible and NGOs are entitled to have the legal status. But this legitimacy should be restricted owing to their dependence. In the future development, multi-lateral trade regime will gradually put NGOs as its partners.In the background of globalization, NGOs have great effect on the multi-lateral trade regime. Therefore, it is necessary for NGOs to participate in multi-lateral trade regime in the hope that it will make the regime itself more democratic, transparent and compatible. At the same time, it also provides a platform for NGOs to make their own voices. By this way, it will promote the dialogues and communications between governmental organizations and the civil society and create a harmonious world.