National Poverty Alleviation

Since entering into the 21 st century,there is a prominent feature on the issue of poverty in our country,which is the poverty-stricken population increasingly concentrated in ethnic minority areas.In 2005,there is 12.456 million rural population of living in absolute poverty in ethnic minority areas,accounting for 47.7 percent of the total number,and some minorities in the overall poverty.Eliminating poverty in ethnic minority areas of is a daunting task,anti-poverty has become one of the key points in current policy of national economic and social development.Ethnic areas have become the focus and difficult areas of the national anti-poverty.Whether we can resolve the problem of the poor people's food and clothing,whether we can consolidate the results of anti-poverty during the previous period is directly related to this region's national unity and the realization of the objectives in building a well-off society,which even has the most significant impact on the sustainable development of the entire national economy.In China's 31 provinces and Municipalities,Guizhou is listed in the most vulnerable provinces with Gansu,Ningxia,Qinghai and Tibet.In 2005,there is such a description in United Nations Development Programme "Human Development Report"—"if Guizhou is a country,its human development index is just over Namibia in Africa." Guizhou is one of the provinces which are deep and extensive poverty ones with most number of poverty-stricken populations.By the end of 2006,there are still 2.55 million absolutely poverty population and 4.52 million population of low-income in rural areas all over the province.The total number of poor people in rural areas accounts for more than 12 percent of the nation's population.When the "Eight-Seven" Anti-poverty Program was carried out in 1994,there were 48 poor countries in Guizhou, accounting for 56 percent of the 86 counties and cities the entire province,and 8.1 percent of the nation's 592 poverty-stricken counties.Among Guizhou poverty-stricken areas and poverty-stricken population,most of the them are minority areas and nationalities.Among the 48 poverty-stricken counties in Guizhou province,there are 34 counties of autonomous areas,accounting for 70 percent of poverty-stricken people. About 75 percent poor people are minorities,that means the minority areas are the main battlefield.That's to say,the main poverty issue of Guizhou is the one of the minority areas.Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous prefecture is a typical mountain minority which is stricken by poverty.It has high-percentage minority population,the very serious problem of poverty and very low-rate urbanization.Qiandongnan is a microcosm of poverty-stricken areas in Guizhou.The unique ethnic composition with the history problems made this region still not out of the shackles of poverty.How to explore an effective method to keep it out of the poverty has already become a public issue which is the author and the scholars face to.To get rid of poverty,it's necessary to mention the anti-poverty.After all,the nation's anti-poverty efforts are limited.Poverty alleviation has increasingly become the focus of today's society,how to change the methods for helping poor areas,how to implement anti-poverty policies and how to enhance the national self-hematopoietic function,which is extremely important;that is the conception of this paper.Based on poverty alleviation study about a typical poverty autonomous region,the author aimed at summing up the poverty experiences and lessons in national regions,and to explore directions,strategies and approaches of poverty-relief in national areas.Besides the materials from the government and NGO,data collection and people interviews are the main approaches.Through data collection and preparation in the early stage,the author understood the local customs,ethnic composition and distribution.During the period of field researching,through the actual contact with local government and departments,acquiring local policy documents,some materials and the official statistical data;through looking up some newspapers and magazines about the research subject in local libraries and literature departments,concerning local development trend;through family interviewing,understanding local realities of poverty and the implementation of the poverty-relief work,mastering first-hand materials.The paper contains three chapters: Chapter 1 introduces the theories about the "poverty",the poverty situation of the minorities and the implementation of the poverty-relief work.Chapter 2 mainly introduces the poverty situation of Guizhou and its poverty-relief work.Especially introduces and analyzes the poverty situation of Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture and the effectiveness of poverty-relief work specifically.Chapter 3 sums up the poverty-relief work methods of Guizhou Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture,analyzes the problems of the poverty-relief work,and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions according to the problems.