Confucius, Zhuangzi Tourism Thought Comparative Study

The scholar Gong Pengcheng from Taiwan called Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods of China"tourists times".During the traveling,social stratum gets up to the aristocrat, and gets down to the common people,"tourism" as one of"traveling"forms has widespread social basis.Confucius and Zhuang Zi are not only Confucianism and Taoism representative personage,but also outstanding representative among tourists at that time.Both Confucius and Zhuang Zi like traveling.Their tourism thought has differences in many aspects,but has the intrinsic identity.The paper compares Confucius' tourism behavior and tourism thought to Zhuang Zi's systematically,utilizing philosophy and esthetics correlative theory,in combination of tourism science.Firstly,the paper summarizes their tourism activity's characteristic through tiding up Confucius and Zhuang Zi's biography and tour.The tour permeates all Confucius' life,and the sight is broad.Tourism activity is spontaneous,manifesting intense emotion;Tourism behavior has the anaclisis and the relative independence.Zhuang Zi also like traveling,and his tourism thought is mainly included in the description of tourism body and tourism behavior in "Zhuang Zi"."Tour" relating with tourism mainly has three levels:the body tour,aoyou,and tour with heart.The body tour is a kind of real tourism behavior,aoyou,adds the surrealist tourism body and object to the real tourism behavior.It enables tourism behavior realistic and symbolistic. Tour with heart makes mind experience which tourism brings more highlighted,further pulling out realistic factors.Secondly,the paper starts discussion according to two clues.First,according to occurrence process of behavior,the paper researches Confucius and Zhuang Zi's tourism thought from the tourist motive,tourism course and tourism significance;secondly,in combination of life world theory,the paper digs their tourism thought's characteristic,difference and similarities from contradictory movement of the life world and tourism world.The main points are as follows:The occurrence of tourism activity stems from the existence of tourist motive,namely life world and tourist world are balanced.The construction of tourist world from Confucius and Zhuang Zi stems from the difference of authentic world and real world that they realize.In the tourist world,Confucius makes efforts to make up the disassimilation which real world brings. But Zhuang Zi considers that tourist world and life world are completely opposite,which makes him reconstruct them.Looking from the constitution of tourist world,Confucius thinks that tourist world is constitutive of social culture and natural landscapes,and social culture is dominant.But Zhuang Zi considers that tourist world coincides with nature in space.Although tourist motive between Confucius and Zhuang Zi is different,intrinsical views about tourist world ultimate belonging are the same,namely its ultimate belonging is to promote people more perfect through looking for significance.Tourism is actually a process in pursuit of authentic life world,which is mainly manifested in the tourist experience.In the way of tourist experience,Confucius and Zhuang Zi pay great attention to the utilization of sebnse organ,participation of the body and penetration of the emotion.In the occurrence structure of tourist experience,the time dimension of Confucius' experience is especially clear,but psychology of Zhuang Zi's experience is heavier.Their ways of experience,orientation and so on are different,but they develop along their respective experience,from allomerism to identity of object and self,and finally receive traveling joyfulness.This kind of joyfulness comes from their experiencing "beauty" and their pursuing "happiness".In the characteristic of tourist experience,there are difference and similarities embodying three aspects:Confucius' experience emphasizes on cognition,Zhuang Zi's experience emphasizing on retiracy,but they are consistent in the redemptive experience;What Confucius manifests is neutral boundary,full of social emotion,and Zuang Zi desires individual freedom,but they are consistent in pursuit of leisure;In tourist experience,Confucius tends to make nature personate,and Zhuang Zi advocates making people naturalize,but the two kinds of tendency guide the harmony finally,namely identity of object and self is experience in the tourist world.After traveling,due significance is received,and life world is reduced.Confucius' tourism manifests one kind of sage's mood,concentrating on relation between tour and virtue,which is guided with ethics.Zhuang Zi's tourism is the existence of divinity,contained in the relation between tour and Tao,which is guided with philosophy.But they pay more attention that that tourism influences real people,namely tourism can make people release emotion,shape body and mind,and finally promote people to develop and create.In Confucius and Zhuang Zi's opinions,the influence of tourism on people is similarly widespread and profound,the significance of tourism lies in its promotion to people's "free and comprehensive development". Confucius and Zhuang Zi raise the significance of tourism to the high plane of "the saint" and "the God",but it is finally carried out in real life,and has completed the return of human nature.In Brief,connotation of Confucius' and Zhuang Zi's tourism thought is rich,with difference and similarities,It's worthy researching systematically and deeply.