Republic Of China Ministry Of Finance (1912-1916)

Ministry of Finance is Republic of China first year the important Branches of the economy, management accounting, the storehouse son, the payment of taxes, the bond, the money, the official to produce and so on business, supervises governs various government offices and the government office county and the public property. During five years in the Yuan Shikai government's, hold the post of the financial total length to have Xiong Xiling, Zhou Xuexi, Zhou Ziqi etc, hold an office the time by Zhou Xuexi to be longest, he proposed the financial reform plan is also most comprehensive, the content to be very also substantial. He is in August,1912 to September,1913, two times took the post of the Yuan Shikai government's financial total length separately March,1915 to April,1916. He can be called the first man of the finance of Republic of China, because his reform created the new style financial system. For example:He originated the division of national tax and local tax, established the centralization financial control system; He Proposed and utilized the "fair popularization" land and other taxes principle, reorganization land tax, salt tax and so on old tax, launch stamp duty, tobacco and liquor government monopoly, carries on the income tax, the inheritance tax legislation. He also managed has signed the damage control great loan, because Yuan Shikai bought the politician by this loan and suppressed revolutionary party member, caused Zhou Xuexi to suffer the national to scold, then resignation. During the period of his two Treasury Secretary, is in a Beiyang government 17 year rule the best year. This article closely Ministry of Finance carries on the elaboration regarding at the beginning of Zhou Xuexi, divides five parts:The first and the second part introduce the survey of Ministry of Finance. It outlines the financial evolution, Ministry of Finance's aspect and so on establishment, Ministry of Finance's government system and human affairs, organization establishment and function division situations.The third part is about Zhou Xuexi's finance reform policy and practice situation. First pointed out Zhou Xuexi takes the post of when Treasury Secretary faces the indemnity, the military expenses pointed out that the inflation, the central property rights are lost with the tax system long-standing abuse so many and so on finances "the disorder" the predicament, to govern at the beginning of the people the finance "the disorder" this crux, Zhou Xuexi conformity the finance theory and method home and abroad, proposed a series of modern nature reform action.The fourth part elaborated the situation that Zhou Xuexi managed the signing damage control great loan. The original intention of signing damage control great loan is to alleviate the political rule crisis which at the beginning of the people the stern economic situation as well as causes from this, however Yuan Shikai actually buys the politician and the suppression revolutionary party member by this loan, which caused Zhou Xuexi suffering national scold and resigned at last. Simultaneously, the loan greatly influenced the national economy.The fifth part elaborated financial policy of Zhou Xuexi to carry out the condition, also had the objective function, also had not the entirely as desired place, we can say that was the success and failure half-in-half.The last part is an appendix. It outlines the important matter Zhou Xuexi did when he took the post of the treasury secretary in 1912-1916.