| Gelsmium elegans (loganiaceae) is an herbal drug distributed in south of China. The herb is poisonous, and its root, stem, branch and leaf are used for medicine with the effect of subsiding a swelling, relieving pain, drawing out poison and killing insect. In south of China, the herb is also used as vet medicine to expel parasite of the sheep, the pig and the cattle. It may also be used as a pesticide, guarding against the paddy rice snout moth's larva. The alkaloids are the main components of gelsemium elegans. In addition, it also contains steroids, triterpenes etc. The pharmacological studies indicates that the alkaloids of gelsemium elegans show the effects of analgesia, calming, imflammation resisting, scattering pupil, antitumor, slowing down pulses, heart contraction restrain, boosting, restraining smooth muscle, shorting immunity and so on.In this dissertation, the pharmacognosy, the chemical constituents, and the stereochemistry of the main alkaloid are studied. Besides, the biosynthetic approach of the alkaloids is summarized.1. The pharmacognosy of gelsemium elegans is studied, including of the Chinese materia medica, resource map, microscopic and physicochemical identification.2. The chemical constituents of gelsemium elegans is studied. 24 compounds have been separated from the plant. The chemical structures of 11 compounds have been elucidated by used of physic-chemical means and analysis of spectra as the followings: koumine, 19-(Z)-Akuammidine, gelsevirine, gelsemine, stigmasterol,β-sitosterol, daucosterol, betulinic acid, benzoic acid, acetamide, p-anisic acid. Among them, the last three are isolated from this plant for the first time.3. The absolute configuration of gelsevirine has been elucidated by use of X-single crystal diffraction for the first time. The biosynthetic approach of the alkaloids has been summarized. |
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