| The deeds and years of Confucius travelling around the various kingdoms is one of the issues having considerable controversy in academic circles, though many ancient and modern scholars have studied that question, on which there is no fixed conclusion. For this problem, researchers did their research almost having based on the Family of Confucius·Historical Records. While Si Maqian wrote that book for being of age-old and lacking of sources, the writing process in which the content seemed to be inconsistent with itself, and for the documents have inevitably been corrupted because of the later spread from place to place. All of that brings us numerous difficults to do research today, however, it is not difficult to find the problems of it when we study the documents like cocoon stripping, which prevents us from knowing the truth. To resolve this historical mystery, we must probe into all theories from different scholars.Thus, I try to literally comb the deeds by textual research and the conclusion of years about Confucius roaming the various kingdoms, especially the related works of Hu Zai, Jiang Yong, Di Ziqi, Cu Shu, Qian Mu and Liang Tao. I found that huge divergence of views exists among different scholars for this issue and I can't agree with them rashly. The major problems as follows:1. Question of Confucius passed Kuang and Po. Di Ziqi put the matter of going by Po before Kuang in his book Annals of Confucius; Cui Shu thought the matter of being afraid of Kuang and passing Song were just the same thing in Zhu Si Tests Letter Record; Qian Mu in his book Department of Early Qin recognized that trouble got in Kuang and po were actually different things, and thought that Confucius was afraid of Kuang was corrupted by the later.Zhong Zhaopeng just listed passing Kuang, not mentioned Po in the Times of Confucius accompanying to the Research of Confucius. And I consider that going by Kuang is real for Confucius, Po is false.2. Question of times for Confucius went to the Chen and of how long he had stayed there. About the question of the times for Confucius went to the Chen existed two major opinions: Both Cui Shu and Qian Mu thought Confucius went there once,but some scholars thought twice or three times. There were also two important opinions in terms of how long had Confucius stayed in Chen:Jiang Yong, Di Ziqi and Liang Tao considered he stayed there one year; Qian Mu and Zhang Bingnan thought three years, and I recognize that Confucius just went to Chen once and stayed there for three years.3.Danfu of Chen and Cai sent soldiers to surround Confucius and King Chu of zhao sent the troops to greet Confucius. Confucius and King Chu of Zhao sent the troops to greet Confucius. There exists two major perspectives on Chen and Cai sent soldiers to surround Confucius:Quan Zuwang, Cui Shu and Qian Mu considered the soliders surrounding matter was unbelievable, Hu Zai, Di Ziqi believed what the Family of Confucius recorded. Zhu Xi, Cui Shu thought the King Chu of Zhao sent troops to meet Confucius was unbelievable, but their opinions lacked of pervasive evidence. I think the former is not ture, but it was the matter of foods shortage. The place of Chen Fu lied to the southeast of Bo town, so the latter shouldn't be trusted completely.4. Question of the time of Confucius departed Chu for Chen. Zhu Xi thought it was the tenth year during Ai Gong reign. Di Ziqi thought it was the sixth year, Cui Shu thought it was between the sixth and the seventh years. But I think it was the ninth year. According to documents handed down from ancient times and the unearthed documents, combined with the predecessors" opinions about these issues, this thesis will make a study of deeds and years of Confucius left Lu for Wei, went by Cao, reached Song, Passed Zheng, arrived at Chen, the trouble in Chen and Cai and departed Chu for Wei in order to seek for an answer is accordance with the truth history and to restore the original deeds of Confucius roaming the various states. |
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