Zi Thought

The management philosophy is the total sum of views, ideas and insights developed by human beings in the management activities, which serves as the conscious and systematic reflection of various social relationships and contradictions in the management practice. It is the framework of ideas and opinions related to management relations with the purpose of leading the people activities in the process of management. In the ancient society of long histories, people have been involved in an unconscious state of management thinking and formed plentiful ideas with respect of the elements, methods and experiences of ancient management. Xun Zi's management philosophy is one of the most systematic management thinking in the pre-Qin period, with the unique management theory, method and measure, combined with Taoists, Legalists, Logicians and Mohists and focused on the theory of Confucianism. It can be said that Xun Zi's management philosophy is the outstanding theory that represents the top thinking of pre-Qin period in ancient China and has great influence on the management of ancient and modern society.The paper includes six parts as fellows:Part One outlines Xun Zi's Management Philosophy with the basis on the theory of evil nature of humans. Because the evil nature of humans may be altered, Xun Zi considers it necessary and important to establish the system of ethics so as to develop human behaviors for the purpose of building a stable and cultivated society.Part Two, as the core part of the paper, presents main methods and measurements of Xun Zi's management philosophy.It covers 4 sections. Section One is the analysis of management on human beings. Xun Zi's management philosophy is constructed under the idea of the control of men, emphasizing managers'personality and leading ways. Xun Zi pays much attention to the development of personal capabilities. At the same time, he attaches importance to human education and awards. Section Two is about the management of social production organization which is cleared up in XunZi with regard to the structure and state of organization theory. Section Three analyzes the ideas of ethnics and distribution methods. To begin with the desire idea, Xun Zi acknowledges the rationality of human desire and men's longing for wealth. Meanwhile, he considers it necessary to recognize the balance of ethnics and wealth, putting ethnics foremost. In fact, Xun Zi's idea Implies the principle of efficiency and the rational that more work leads to more achievements.Section Four pertains to the principle of respecting ethnics and law. Xun Zi values the ethnics, considering it the core of human conducts and behaviors, which reflects the justice and essence of the nature. He also stresses the significance of social norms and laws which are inferior to and ruled by the ethnics of the society.Part Three simplely analyzes the hegemony concept of Xun Zi's management philosophy which refers to controlling men by ethnics and weapon as well. In Xun Zi's thinking, the first ideal political state is the rule of king and the second state is called the rule of hegemony which is inferior to the first state. In order to promote the second to the first state,Xun Zi puts forward with the concept of lessening of weapon and improvement ofethnics in terms of benevolent governance and respecting of morality.Part Four expounds the supreme state of the governance by Inaction which is the ideal in Xun Zi's thought. The rule of Inaction is not that people govern a country by nothing, but that acountry is ruled by few power interruption with largest results of performance. Rather,it means the power of one country is largely distributed among the mass of people to the effect that the society runs in an ordered state.Part Five discourses the goal of the governance by richness, in which an ideal society is finally achieved with the elimination of private ownership and with great wealth.The final part, is a comprehensive analysis of Xun Zi's management philosophy considering the real word of reality.what we will do now is to learn and develop the traditional ideals in Xun Zi's philosophy and eradicate the ideas which is not consistent with the modern time so that a new management model full of vigor will be built to adjust to a developing society.