Qing To The Republic Of Library Traffic And Zhangjiakou City Commerce Development

In Qing Dynasty, the traffic in Zhang Jiakou to Kulun started when Taizhan was built in Mongolia for Military activities in Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong period. At the end of the military activities, the political atmosphere went relatively easy, in addition to the trades with Mongolia and Russia, those businessmen has been frequently active between Zhangjiakou and Kulun and it greatly affected the trading development of the two places and also the prosperity of the places around Zhangjiakou. Several regular trade routes emerged in the frequent transportation between Zhang Jiakou and Kulun. Camels and Ox carts were the main source of transportation on those routes. In the early years of Republic of China, traffic rose when Dacheng Company was established and the auto road from Zhangjiakou to Kulun. However, the changes in local and international politics together with the competition of foreign merchants represented by Russians, the transportation from Zhangjiakou through Kulun was greatly affected and finally terminated. The traffic in trade played a crucial role. Thus, the traffic in Zhangjiakou through Kulun was the main factor which cause great impact on the business development of the two places.