Nanjing National Government's Religious Policy Research (1927-1937)

The Religion is a common phenomenon of the human ~iety,which affected all the aspects of the society and life since it was born. In the class society, as the political tool, the religion was valued by all the rtiling classes who laid down all kinds of religious policies to manage it. The history of NanJing Government of the Republic of China is closer to us and its religious policies had been relat2ively formed. It will draw inspiration to study them and to conclude their experienles and lessons. The first part of the thesis states the background of the religious policies of Nanjing government of the Republic of China. After the Republic of China was built, the rule of the freedom of the belief and the separation of the politics and the religion. In the period of the Northern Sea warlord, the problem of the religion couldn?t be resolred reasonably because of the decay of the politics and furmoid of the society. To the christianity, the Northern Sea Government recognised the Un- eqnal treaties and protected the church?s rights In the tate period, it asked the missionary schools to register under the promotion of the people. To the Buddism believed by Han nationality and Daoism, the Northern Sea Government made the laws and regulations and connived the movement of building schools with the prperty of the temples, which made the Buddism and Daoism face the surviving crisis. The Northern Sea Government formed the connection with the l&aders of the Buddism passing in Tibet, strengtheneed the relationship with Tibet and roped in the representatives of the Islam, but it didn?t recognise the Hui nationali- ty. In the early peried, it had banned the folk secret religions, but in the late peried it couldn抰 control the developement of them. The second part states the managing mechanism of the religious policies of Nanjing government of the Republic of China. The national government was con- ducted by the three people抯 principles which were Confusionised by Dai jitao and Jiang jieshi with the conduction of the thought, Nanjing National Governmdnt ?? both made use of the religion and reformed it. It made a series of religious laws and regulations to manage the religion, in which the ones about the l3uddism be- lieved by Han nationality and Daoism were carried out more completely and their affection was greater, but less laws and regtUations about the religion such as the Christianism, etc were made and were not cai-ried out strictly. The third part exactly expounds the managing actions of NanJing National Government and the reactions of all religions. NanJing National Government recognised the unequal treaties and had harmonious political relationshi with the christianism, but it carried out some actions to limit the culture invasion of the Christianism, in which the problem that the missionary schools had to register in the government produled motable effect. To the Buddism believed by Han nation- ality and Daoism, the actions were carried out to promote their modemisation, but the problem building schools with the property of the temples always existed. To the Buddism passing in Tibet,it tried to solve the problems of Tibet politically and to improve the national union with the help of its traditional relationship with the central government. It keeped the control of the provinces such as Qinghai province and NingXia province, etc, through the warlord of Hui nationality, but it still didn抰 recognise Hui nationality. To the folk s...