The Yuan Dynasty, Of The Value Of Life

The value of life is an old but evergreen problem of philosophy, the science of human, the philosophy of life and ethics. For this reason, many thinker, took great care of it and formed a lot of reasonable viewpoints. But for some historical, recognitive and class reasons and limitations, they couldn't clarify it. So it is necessary to study the value of life for its perfection and development. The writer of this thesis try to study the value of life from the value of life and concerned concepts, evaluation, the contents and realization and increasing of the value of life.1. The value of life and concerned concepts1.1 The quality and attributes of value. Value is the positive functions and effects of the objective substances to the subject. It has the characteristics of relationship, attribute and practice and history.1.2. The value of the substance, of man and of life. The value of the substance is its positive functions and effects to a man. The value of man is his positive functions and effects to society and himself. The value of life is the positive functions and effects of life to oneself and society. All of them are interrelated with and different from one another and from an organism.1.3 The concept of the value of life. It is man's basic concept about the value of life. There are many different kinds of conception of the value in history.2. The contents and attributes of the value of life2.1 The contents of the value of life. There are several types of thecontents: value-for-oneself and value-in-existence, value - interested -oneself and value-for-others, internal value and external value, spiritual value and substantial value, past value, present value and future value, ready-made value and supposed value, etc.i2.2 The attributes of the value of life. First, it combinates all forms of the value of life. Second, it reflects a valuable relation between oneself and society. Third, it unites the goal and method, devotion and demand.3. Evaluation of the value of life3.1 Evaluating the value of life is a judgment about whether one's life have value to society and how much it is, it is the core of the theory about the value of life. It has a great function to individual and society: it is a judge to good and evil, it is a regulator and guider to social behavior, it is a course of education to the individual.3.2 The standard is the key part of evaluation, which includes three specific standards. First, it should reflect the interest, wishes and requiry of the mass, be good for social improvement and do some attributes to the society. Second, it should properly deal with the relationships of devotions and demands, production and consumption . and manage to make devotions larger than demands, production more than comsumption. Third, it should properly deal with the relation of the individual interest and collective interest and social interest, the former is successively subordinated to the latter when they are in contradiction.3.3 The principles and mathods of evaluation of life.There are three principles during evaluating the value of life:comprehensive principle, scientific principle and flexible principle. Three are three important mathods also: grasp the essence from entirety, lock at everything dialectically, communicate qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis.4. Enhancement and realization of value of life.4.1 The restricted factors to enhancement and realization of the value of life. There are many subjective and objective factors restrict the human. These factors include: the level of the productive forces, the quality of social systems, the degree of emancipation of mind, the different social role and level of competence of individual person, etc. In order to make our values of life to their maxims, we must take advantage of all objective factors and do our best to enhance and realize our own level of competence.4.2 The principles and methods of enhancement and realization of the value of life. Establishing the...