Shishu The Liang Foreign Ideology

Liang Qichao who was active in political movements, has been well -known as a great thinker and scholar in Chinese modern history. His whole life had an individable connection with politics. He paid much attention to Chinese diplomacy. His diplomatic thoughts, containing ample contents and being perfected with the advance of history, has a distinctive feature of era. This article which is divided into five parts concentrates on Liang' s diplomatic thoughts ah1 - sidedly.Part one probes in the basic targets of Liang Qichao s diplomatic thoughts. It points out that Liang had a strong notion of state sovereignty, firm stand of anti - imperialism and patriotism, and clear basic thinking of defending state sovereignty and resisting the invasion from outside.Part two mainly discusses the basic principles of Liang s diplomatic thoughts . On the basis of modern China s situation, and the complicated international situation, Liang Qichao insisted that China should have its own independent diplomacy. This thought sprouted in the Wu Xu Innovation Period, and became mature in the Xin Hai Revolution Period. The thought of Independent diplomacy is the highlight of Liang's diplomatic policy,and it is also the most important content that the article will discuss.Part three analyzes Liang Qichao' s flexical diplomatic advocates in World War I Period. At the beginning of the First World War,he suggested that China should keep neutral, but in the late period of the war he was active in advocating to declar war to German. This article discloses the cause of the convert-ing of his mind. In order to protect Chinese legal rights, after the end of World War I, Liang Qichao promoted an effective movements of the people s diplomacy, through which it fully showed that the People' s diplomacy of Liang Qichao was practical and mature.Part four discusses Liang' s thoughts of amending and abolishing treaties. Liang Qichao realized that the unequal treaties had done great harm to Chinese society and demanded that they should be amended or abolished. Some practical and flexical trategies of amendment and abolishment of treaties had been put forward by Liang Qichao.Part five analyzes the defect of Liang' s diplomatic thoughts. His early recognition of imperialism was ambiguous to some extent, and the recognition to Russia in his late life was inclined to become rigid. Some of his diplomatic advocates were impracticable for they were hard to carry out in the concrete diplomatic struggling.