Usage Of The Khitan Liao Dynasty Territory Language

This article takes the languages and characters within the Khitan's in Liao dynasty as the researching object and makes a systems analysis in the languages and characters.Purpose & signification: Although the research about the Khitan's languages and characters is not a new field, there are lots of scholars in China and foreign countries applying themselves to this field. Commonly, their research is important in character and is not important in language .In the language, it is important in explanation and is not important in systemization. Moreover, the materials are only localized in Khitan Dazi and Khitan Xiaozi which is dead characters .The research is very difficult and the evolvement is very slow. The old study only takes attention in the reality of the language and character, which have a new value and a big difficulty, and also ward off the more learners to study the languages and characters in Liao dynasty. Along with the spread of the realm in linguistics and character, use for reference, this article starts with bilingual, social and culture study, not only to consider reality research, but to consider the use, including the user, the area of use and the item of use. This article takes the dead language as the alive language for research. It also considers the other peoples' languages. I believe this study is an available makeup for explanation. Furthermore, great deals of scholars have already begun to study in these facets. At one time, this article offers some makeup to linguistics, character, folk and history. It also has realistic value in Khitan's descendants and the whole Chinese people.Method: The correlated recordation about the Liao dynasty's languages and characters disperse in kinds of ancient books. There are "Wei Shu","Xin Wu Dai Shi", "Liao Shi", "Liao Shi Shi Yi", "Qidan Guo Zhi"and so on. I influx dispersed data about languages and characters and consult correlated writings. Under the base, I exert the classified means to research language, character and applications. At the same time, I discuss the influence about the coexistence between Khitan and other peoples' languages and characters. And also I discuss the infection in the social and culture circumstance for the languages and characters.Production & new view: Within Khitan's territory, there are Khitan people and other nationalities living together in Liao dynasty. In history,Khitan had formulated two kinds of its national characters. So its condition of languages and characters' using is more complicated. This article starts with the bilingual pragmatic to discover the fundamental general situation of the languages and characters. The paper makes up of five chapters.Part Ⅰ: Foreword. This chapter introduces the history about Khitan, the research trends about languages and characters, paper's theoretic gist and the questions which need to solve.Part Ⅱ: The use of the languages within the Khitan's boundary in Liao dynasty. This chapter introduces the basic knowledge and applied bound about the Khitan's language. Then it disparts the bilingual type into the Khitan-Han type and the Han- Khitan type. Also it introduces the geography and the policy about the languages.Part Ⅲ: The use of the characters within the Khitan's boundary in Liao dynasty. This chapter introduces the creation of Khitan's character, the bound of use and other peoples' characters. The article also believes the Khitan characters' dying out is the rule of the characters' own and the unbalance of the relation of the language and characters.Part Ⅳ: The special case of the pragmatic within the Khitan's boundary in Liao dynasty. This chapter introduces the dodge, poesy, essay and the policy in banning book about Liao dynasty.Part Ⅴ: Epilogue.