Analysis Of Local Monitoring System In The Tang Dynasty

The Tang Dynasty is one prosperous dynasty in the history of our country and also is one flourishing period in the feudalistic society of our ancient country. In this period, the national system of centralism and political system of potentate had great development and formed political system which was well-provided and brought about great influence on the later ages. The supervisory system of the Tang Dynasty together with the whole feudalistic system entered a mature period . In order to clear up the administration of local officials and supervise and urge the local officials to faithfully execute the central orders, the center of Tang Dynasty carried out supervising on the local government and made it systematized. This paper probes into the local supervisory system of the Tang Dynasty from the angles of the historical science and political science and draws on the experience of it for the current socialist democracy and law system and for building an honest and clean government.The whole paper is divided into three parts to be probed.The first part discusses the local supervisory system of the former dynasties of Tang. It is divided into two sections. The first section tells about the establishment and evolution of the local supervisory officials from the Qin to the Sui dynasty. The Qin Dynasty set up supervisory censors who were in charge of supervising localities. Emperor Han-Wu set up prefectural governors of thirteen prefectures who were responsible for the supervisory work of one prefecture respectively. He also worked out supervisory statutes -Six Articles of Prefectural Governors. During the period of the Three Kingdoms, the Two Jins, the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the local supervisory system carried on as before but brought forth new ideas. In the first years of the Sui Dynasty, the Emperor dispatched supervisory censors to be in charge of supervising the localities. Emperor Sui—Yang reformed the supervisory system. The second section discusses these dynasties continuously dispatched the emissaries to be concurrently in charge of supervisory task., in the Two Hans, the emissaries, at first, didn't have the right of supervision. When the system of prefectural governors supervising prefectures had been destroyed, they had the right of supervision. Moreover, their right of supervising the local officials underwent adevelopmental process from small to large.The second part investigates the local supervisory system of the Tang Dynasty. First, it analyses the establishment of the local supervisory organs in the Tang Dynasty. Second, it comprehensively discusses the supervisory censors supervised the localities from the aspects of criterions and ways of their selecting for a post, channels of their supervising the localities and their supervising authorities. Third, it narrates the supervisory emissaries supervised the localities according Dao from the meaning of the supervisory emissaries, development and change i.e. unfixed name -Xuncha Emissaries -Ancha Emissaries -Report Emissaries -Observation Emissaries during the earlier stage of the Tang Dynasty. It also analyses the causes that supervisory emissaries frequently arose and the differences of supervising the localities between the supervisory censors and supervisory emissaries. Forth, it discusses Xun Yuan supervising the localities in the later stage of the Tang Dynasty. It briefly narrates the establishment and functions of Xun Yuan. Then it discusses the supervisory functions and affects of Xun Yuan.The third part analyses the historic position of the local supervisory system of the Tang Dynasty. It probes from three aspects. First it analyses the local supervisory system of the Tang Dynasty possessed the historic position of carrying forward the cause and forging ahead into the future in the Chinese ancient history of the local supervisory system. Second, it produces a far—reaching influence on the peripheral countries such as Japan, Korea and Viet Nam. Third, it analyses how the local supervisory system obtained remarkable social efficacy and it itself existed malpractice in the Tang Dynasty.The concluding remarks are as follows: to study the local supervisory system of the Tang Dynasty has referential values to the present's strengthening legal supervision and promoting procuratorial reformation.