Chinese Dialects Stops With Non-stops Initials Transformation

Making full use of extant materials of Chinese dialectal pronunciation, the thesis strives to reveal the pronunciation features of ancient stop initials pronounce non-stop sound and ancient non-stop initials pronounce stop sound in modern dialects. Based on that, the thesis carries out comprehensive analysis and induction on the manifestations, types and territory distributions of every sound change phenomenon, thus explores and summarizes the basic reasons of mutual conversions between stop and non-stop initials in dialects.Mainly relying on the theories of descriptive linguistics, Chinese phonology and Chinese dialectology, and adopting the means of description, induction and comparison, the thesis reveals the pronunciation features, sum up the general characters, compare differences and probe evolution reasons of stop and non-stop initials, which provides a new train of thought for the profound research of Chinese initials and for exploration of phonetic evolution theories including sound change phenomenon of ancient-present sound change, dialect sound change, and pictophonetics, phonetic loan and sound explanation in ancient books. The thesis also provides a frame of reference for us to understand the numerous and complicated pictures of dialects.The present academic circles have not carried out overall and systematic discussion on this topic. This thesis is only a beginning and an attempt for comprehensive study. Nevertheless, this topic is obviously worth discussing, which has great significant for the study of Chinese phonetic history, Chinese dialectology and other relevant linguistic theories.This thesis is divided into four chapters.Chapter One: Introduction. This chapter reviews the existing achievements of study in Chinese dialect initials and introduces the main contents, research methods, topic significance and writing style. It also briefs 40 key dialect points studied in this thesis and explains the dealing methods with four problems including "Xundu" (训读) sound, another sound caused by many "Yinqie" (音切) , frame reference of ancient sound and initial system in Qieyun (《切韵》) .Chapter Two inspects the phenomenon of ancient stop initials read as non-stop atpresent. There are four sections in this chapter. Taking Qieyun system as the frame reference of ancient sound, it generally and objectively describes the phenomenon that ancient initials "BANG(ffi) PANG($|) BING(M)", "DUAN(^) TOU(ig) DING(^)", "ZHI(fcn) CHE($1) CHENG(M)", and "JIAN(JSL) XI(M) QUN($$)" is pronounced as non-stop sound in modern Chinese dialects. The chapter also enumerates in detail the sample characters and their pronunciation of sound change in various dialects. Based on that, it summarizes the types of sound change, conditions of sound change and territory distribution, and compares the similarities and differences of conversion between stop and non-stop initials in different dialects. The description part is laid out in tabulation.Chapter Three inspects the phenomenon of ancient non-stop initials read as stop at present. This chapter consists of four sections. Taking initials' different pronunciation means as standard of category, it separately discusses the ancient affricate initials including the initials "JING(ft) QING(ft) CONG(/A)'\ "ZHUANG(Ii) CHU(#J) CHONG(ii)'\ "ZHANG(*) CHANG(^) CHUAN(^S)", fricative initials including the initials "FEI(#) FU(ffc) FENGO)'\"XIE(3B) SHENG(￡) SHU(^) CHAN(#)'\"XIAO($￡) XIA(Il)", nasal initials including "MiNG(0J5) WEI($0'\ "NI(#b)'\ "Yl{W)", lateral initial "LAI(^)" , nasal fricative initial "RI( 0)" , semivowels initial " YUN(S)" , zero-initial " YI(VX)" , pronounced as stop in modern Chinese dialects. The train of thought and methods of writing of this chapter is the same as Chapter Two.Chapter Four discusses the reasons that cause the conversion between stop and non-stop initials in dialects. Building on the research in Chapter Two and Chapter Three and based on dialects facts, this chapter illustrates the factors that cause the conversion of initials by providing examples separately through the following five parts: the inner evolution of pronunciation, phenomenon of initials keeping ancient sound, characters with special pronunciation, literary reading and colloquial pronunciation of initials, different pronunciation of new and old varieties.