Jinan City, The Socialist Transformation Of Capitalist Industry And Commerce Research

In early statehood, the socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce overall, is "a socialist transformation road suited to Chinese characteristics",which was opened "creatively" by Communist party of China during the transitional period. It's a series from junior to senior national capitalist forms of transition, and finally "a great success"which of course there were some "shortcomings and bias".Jinan has a long history of commerce. At the beginning of the last century, it has become the goods distribution of Shandong, Henan,and Shanxi and the important regional trade market of North China. And it's the industrial center of Shandong. After liberation, under the leadership of the Jinan municipal Party Committee and municipal government, the socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce had been done. It mainly experienced three stages : (1) 1949 to 1953, stage of adjusting industry and commerce and the primary form of national capitalism. (2) 1954 to 1955, stage of the planned and systematic expansion of the joint state-private ownership. (3) 1956, stage of the joint state-private ownership of the whole industry and commerce and restructuring economic. However, the study of "socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce in Jinan City", is still "blank" to date. Therefore, this paper bases on the facts and investigates the Jinan City's socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce under its specific social and historical background,in order to learn lessons and take political realities. And it's a shortcut to research the "socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce in early statehood".Through research, the author believes that the "socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce in Jinan City"is a positive social significance, but there are some problems that can not be overlooked : (1) It overemphasized on the political forces and used administrative means to interfere in the objective law of economic development. The approach that "to raise their political consciousness"replaced the "actual distribution of benefits" hurt the productive labor enthusiasm of a part of the masses. (2) People required a quick success in the transformation process. The transformation of capitalist enterprises and bourgeois elemented form and preaching. (3) The policy makers failed to correctly distinguish between laborers and exploiters.The phenomenon of "policy replacing law"occurred sometimes. And the personal rights of citizens could not be fully and effectively protected.