Foreign Student Orientation Word Error Analysis And Acquisition Research

Directional words are specific types in modern Chinese words. Its grammar attribute and the righteousness function are very complicated. Foreign students may come cross some problems when they are studying Chinese.This article has analyzed the grammar attribute and semantic characteristic of directional words. We found that it can be used in the sentence independently, as the subject, the object, the attribute, the adverb and so on. Moreover, it can combine with other phrases, sometimes before, sometimes after. At the same time, they have different kinds of semantics.After that, we discussed the errors made by foreign students, on the foundation of Chinese Interlanguage Corpus of Nanjing Normal University. It has eight kinds: Fabricates the word or the phrase according to the locative semantics, the rhythm matches imcorrectly, omission, redundancy, substitution of different directional words, substitutions with other grammar ingredients, wrongly matched with the around grammar ingredient, misusing of discontinuous construction. Moreover, we inspected the situation in the different stage using the overall inspection and the case study method. The concrete method is: At first, we retrieved the use frequency from 800000 words Foreign Students Corpus of primary, intermediate, senior stages, and calculated the utilization rate, then carried on the contrast with Chinese. Next, take "in" and "on" as the example, intensively and comprehensively analyzed the characteristic of foreign students' studying. Finally, we put forward teaching strategies and suggestions to textbooks and instructional program. We discovered that we have to make some slight adjustments to the order of directional words. We also should distinguish similar directional words by contrast. In addition, the metaphor usage proportion also should be enlarged, especially in the intermediate, senior stage. It should carry on a more detailed explanation in the textbooks. Moreover, the error rates of discontinuous construction are quite high. It indicates that textbooks paid little attention to it.