On The Role Of Women In The Schubert Art Songs Portray

In the Romantic period of the western music in the 19th century, Schubert, who was honored of"the king of the lied", made major contribution to the field of lied. Among more than 600 lied of he composed, female role related ones took a significant part, which become a shining point of his composing of lied. Through study into some representative songs of this type of lied, this article aims to seek out a comprehensive summary of the composing features of the female role related lied by Schubert. It is conducive to the further study and grasp of the overall composing styles and features of lied by Schubert. It therefore provides an accurate theoretical basis for studies of the Schubert's works, and a better guide to vocal practice.This article is divided into three parts: As most of the words of Schubert's lied were adopted from poetries, the first part provides an analysis of the development of poetry tradition in Europe, as well as its impacts in Germany and Austria. From the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century, lyric poems thrived in Europe. Influenced by traditions of poetry study, Germany and Austria poetries formed, on the basis of tradition, their own characteristics. In special social environment, and in particular living condition, Schubert's unique composing styles were formed, and his original insights into the role of women in music performance were created. These female roles that Schubert created were delicate in emotions, abundant in changing characteristics, and full of drama. In the second part, these female role related works are categorized into three types based on the analysis of the meanings of the words of songs. Through studying into the styles and characteristics of these works mainly representing the roles of women, including study of their genres and form structures, and of their melodies embodying the characteristics of female roles, this article analyses the composing features of Schubert's works with female roles. The third part: when singing Schubert's lied, in addition to having basic qualities, techniques and regularities that are required in singing Germany and Austria lied, the author elaborates singing of Schubert's female role related works from three other aspects including delicate emotions, selective breathing and profound understandings. The article strengthens the comprehension of Schubert's lied, and is helpful to performers to better presenting the charming of Schubert's composing style.When writing lied, Schubert, who perfectly matched poetry and music, had another distinctive composing feature, which is detailed describing of characters'brain activities. Based on the study of Schubert songs of the roles of women, on the one hand, this article provides a methodology and a means for exploring Schubert's lied characterizing the roles of women; on the other hand, it gives a theoretical basis for singing Schubert's lied of woman roles, which could better guide vocal practice.