A Comparative Study Of Chinese Non - Patient Object And Korean Target Language

The article deals with the study of semantic category of non-patient objects, mainly agentive objects. The article discusses the features of syntax, semantics and pragmatics of non-patient objects with the theory of content object and structure object as well as with the generalized viewpoint and physical property viewpoint. Besides, it also compares objects in Chinese with that in Korean. Through these analyses, the correlation between semantic selection of objects and individuality of nouns in Chinese is proposed. It also discusses the close relations between Chinese and content object, and the close relations between Korean and structure object.As the main constituent of a sentence, objects have always been the focus to which linguists attach great importance. Since an isolating language is characteristic of Chinese, objects in Chinese lack formal symbol. A structure object may express various semantic roles, which causes conflict between semantic category and form category. Actually, the grammatical concept of "object" was introduced from western linguistics, so it is somewhat difficult to be directly used in the grammatical structure in Chinese. New grammatical concept which can reflect its own language features of Chinese is also required.Since the great discussion about subjects and objects was opened in the 1950s, th ere has been no agreement among many views about the definition of objects and sem antic category in modern Chinese in the field of linguistics. More than several hundre d papers focusing on the issue have been published successively for discussion. In the article, the analysis about semantics and pragmatics of non-patient objects in Chinese is made on the basis of these study on objects in Chinese, then the semantics of object s in modern Chinese is explored through comparison between Chinese and Korean.The thesis is composed of five chapters.In Chapter 1, it is the summary of study on the distinction between subjects and objects, the definition of objects, and the semantic category of objects. Firstly, it summarizes the study made by grammarians about the analysis of syntactic constituent in Chinese, the definition of objects in Chinese, and the major research achievements of semantic category; secondly, it puts emphasis on the statement of opinions and disagreement of various linguists about the semantic classification of objects in Chinese.In Chapter 2, it carefully discusses the definition category of objects in modern Chinese in terms of forms and meaning. As far as forms are concerned, it summarizes the features of object forms in Chinese and foreign languages. Through comparison with other languages, it explains the features of forms of objects in Chinese and its analytic difficulties. In the aspect of semantics, we take the study of semantics of objects overseas, especially about case grammar as reference and propose the common language features of semantic structure of objects.In Chapter 3, it deals with semantic category, content object and structure object of non-patient objects. Firstly, it introduces semantic case of nouns in Chinese and the semantic constituent connected to verbs. Based on the classification system of these semantic roles, the semantics of objects in Chinese are divided into 7 categories including theme, object, dative, complement, cause, reliance, situation and etc. for investigation. After that, the concept of content object and structure object is proposed to explain the reason of diversified semantic roles of objects in modern Chinese.In Chapter 4, the analysis about semantic and structural features focusing on agentive objects with relatively special use in non-patient objects is made. Agentive objects are divided into two categories syntactically, that is, direct objects and indirect objects. In this chapter, it mainly establishes the semantic category of agentive object sentence. First, it is divided into two categories according to the transitivity of verbs, and then it is divided into 5 categories according to the semantic and structural features for study. Finally, it analyzes the features of verbs in agentive object sentence.In Chapter 5, through comparison between Chinese and Korean, it makes study on the semantic category of objects and asymmetry of forms. First, it briefly summarizes the case grammar and the forms of expression of Korean case. Through literal translation between Chinese and Korean, the object forms and structural semantics are directly compared with the aim to reveal the common features of semantic structure types among languages and asymmetry of forms.The conclusion sums up the contents and major viewpoints in the article, and makes summary of the full text.