Modern Chinese Uncertainty Speculate Adverb

This thesis, based on the former scope of modality adverbs, attempts to study the determinate conjecture modality adverbs, and explores their syntactic and semantic features, then summarizes their pragmatic functions.First, the determinate conjecture modality is defined. We discuss the basic framework for meaning of them and define the subject investigated according to the typical dictionaries. Then, based on the semantic features, we classify these modality adverbs into four groups:"ding"group,"bi"group,"xiangbi"and"zhun"group.Secondly, the paper describes and analyzes their semantic features. Then we find that the difference of their usages by studying the collocation of them with certain words. We summarize the features of these adverbs and their semantic differences of four kinds. These modality adverbs are used by the speaker to express determinate subjective opinions on things (including people) and events, but there are small differences in degree of the subjectivity:"xiangbi">"zhun"group >"ding"group >"bi"group. They are the speaker-oriented sentential adverbs. And then"ding"group is the most commonly used in all the style of writing."zhun"group is usually used in north of China."bi"group ,however, is more used in science and politics articles.Thirdly, we analyze the syntactic feature of them. It begins with the study of their position in the sentences. They usually appear after the subject of the sentences. And some of them are also ahead of the subject of the sentences, such as"xiangbi","zhunbao". We also find"yiding","kending","yizhun"can be at the end of the sentences and"ding"group,"zhun"group be used alone. Then these modality adverbs can collocate with modality verbs. Last it studies their collocation with other words. According to the co-occurrence of them with other kinds of adverbs and modality adverbs and the co-occurrence of them in another, we analyze the rules of co-occurrence and the limiting factors.Finally, they are mainly used in declarative sentence and exclamatory sentence, but not in imperative sentence. And we summarize their pragmatic functions: giving prominence to the focus of the information, evidentiality function and emphasis. On the basis of cohesion theory, we investigate the textual function of"yiding".