| "Shi Shuo Xin Yu"is an important note novel of recording people and issue in Wei and Jin Dynasty, which contains huge and unique phenomenon of rhetoric .However, for long time, scholars'study of"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"majors in the phenomenon of literature and society. In the item of linguistic, the study focuses on the vocabulary and syntax and is lack of systemic study of figures of speech. The paper will study the figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"on the basic of its corpus.一,Types of figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"The number of types of figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"is 18. There are five types of figures of speech embodied the beauty of balance of language, which is Contrast, Parallelism, Dingzhen, Loop, Dual. There are six types of figures of speech which is embodied the beauty of change of language. They are Intricate, Pun, Exaggeration, Euphemisms. There are six types of figures of speech which is embodied the beauty of specialty of language. They are Reiteration, Yinchen, Diezi, Fanwen, Jiesu, Tongkuo. There are three types of figures of speech which is embodied the beauty of connection of language. They are Trop, Citation, Jiedai. There are 1896examples for 18 types of figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu". In addition to the 18 types of figures of speech, Biejie, Shanbi, Bini also occasionally appear in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu". The paper is divided into four chapters to describe and analyze the 18 types of figures of speech in order to reflect the whole picture of"Shi Shuo Xin Yu".二,The characteristic of figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"The figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"have their distinctive features.Since the typical features of the main eighteen ones have been described in the previous four chapters,this part is going to talk about the overall features of the figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"from a macroscopic angle.There are two distinctive features in "Shi Shuo Xin Yu": Firstly, there is the large number of figures of speech which is reflected in the four aspects, such as many times, varied types, different shapes, rich content. Secondly, The use of figures of speech is flexible that is reflected in the less used alone and more used synthetically including the consecutive use, applied use, syllepses and mixed use.三,The justification for the formation of figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu".Firstly, from the angle of the society, the paper mainly analyzes from the political unrest, the administrative divisions, basic necessities of daily life as well as entertainment. Political unrest is reflected in three main areas: on the one hand, the North -South confrontation enhanced the North-South gap, so people usually used the figures of speech of Quotation, Contrast and Fanwen as the expression of the contradictions between them. On the other hand, thinking is more active than ever before, so people often used the trope to express their views and ideas. Lastly, the constant turnover of councils leaded to a variety of the war which was fully reflected in the choice of the vehicle and Jieti. In addition, the administrative divisions and the basic necessities of daily life and entertainment naturally penetrated in the it and provided a imagery for the use of Trope and Jiedai.Secondly, from the angel of philosophy, the paper analyze from the deep-rooted Confucian ideas and metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasty. Under the impact of the Confucianism, people had the deep-rooted conception of culture and ceremony, which is the source of the respect and humility. With the development of metaphysics, the ethos of talking was rising, for example, people usually used the Fanwen to express their views and used the Quotation to strengthen their points.Thirdly, from the aesthetic perspective, the paper discusses about the justification for the formation of figures of speech from the angle of beauty of nature and the aesthetic in Wei and Jin Dynasty. Persons in Wei and Jin Dynasty adored the natural and explored the beauty from nature, which was reflected in the use of Trope and and Parallelism to express the various beauty of nature. Under the impact of social environment, the persons at that time emphasized their own literary level which leaded to lots of literary criticism and the use of Quotation and Parallelism. Chasing for elegant external image greatly affected the choice of vehicle body and Jieti.Fourthly, from the angle of language, the language is the basic term to form the figures of speech. The paper talks about the condition to form the figures of speech mainly from the voice, vocabulary, grammar points. Shensuo in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"is generated on the basis of large number of oral words and dialectic words. Joint-style polyphonic words and new words leaded to the phenomenon of polysemy, which pushed the generation of Pun. Reduplicative words offered the possibility to generate the Diezi. The paragraph and the marks of grammar in Wei and Jin Dynasty provided for the existence of Parallelism.Lastly, from the angle of national psychology, the national psychology is the very important factor deep in the consciousness of figures of speech which has the widely and deeply effect to the figures of speech. Through Han Emphasize the harmonious and equilibrium, the paper discusses the reason to form the Dual and parallelism. Through the Han advocates the connotation, we take about the reason to form the Probe and Pun. Through the Han chases for the new and change, we talk about the reason to form the Jiedai. There are various psychological factors to form the figures of speech, take the circumbendibus for example, it is often affected by various psychological factors. The national psychology affected in the form of figures of speech in "Shi Shuo Xin Yu" also reflected in many other areas.The paper also makes the exhaustive statistics for all the figures of speech in"Shi Shuo Xin Yu"and the table is attached in the back. |
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