Gramsci Theory

Public social problems are problems often talked and practiced. In the history of Western philosophy, thinking of the civil society has gone through a long process. After Marx, public social problems are still problems concerned by Western Theorists and scholars. This, Gramsci's concept of civil society conveyed its own unique understanding which points out the significance of unique cultural in the civil society. It makes a new contribution to the Marxist theory of civil society which promoted the civil society theories. This article attempts to analysis Gramsci's concept of civil society in a more comprehensive way. Besides, based on the analysis, we want to explain this systematic exposition of Gramsci's theory of civil society and further tap its major theoretical and practical significance.Firstly, we had a historical inspection of theories of civil society before Gramsci's. Before the civil society of Gramsci, the development of the theory has gone through three stages: the classical concept of civil society in period of Greek and Roman, the modern concept of civil society, Hegel's theory of civil society and civil society theories of Marxism. Above all, the course of civil social development and the outcome of the study provide the necessary ideological and theoretical basis of preparation for Gramsci's civil society research..Besides, this article had an in-depth study and analysis on Gramsci's theory of civil society. Different from Hegel and Marx, Gramsci's theory of civil society carried out new development and change, given new meaning to the concept of civil society. In the opinion of Gramsci, civil society belongs to rather the social infrastructure area than the superstructure area. Same with Marxism, Gramsci divided community into social and political civil society. But the difference of Marx and Gramsci lies in the fact that Gramsci regard civil society as part of the superstructure, which emphasize the cultural implication of civil society, mainly define the concept of civil from the perspective of cultural dissemination and understanding of the society. Based on this, Gramsci elaborated explained civil society and cultural leadership, civil society and organic intellectuals, civil society and theory about countries such as the end of the country. As a result, Gramsci concluded that the civil society and the state is no longer compete for the right to economic freedom, but rather the culture of hegemony. If the working class want to overthrow the shackles of bourgeois rule, spearhead the fight at the Government simply is not enough. If the working class struggle to achieve victory, we must first of all to fight against the target of civil society through which get the right of"cultural hegemony", and then to win political hegemony.The last part of this article discusses contemporary inspiration of Gramsci's theory of civil society. Gramsci's ideas of civil society caused great repercussions in contemporary Western theorists, which triggered a new round of discussions and related issues. Gramsci's theory of civil society has had a major impact on Western Marxism, communism in Europe and the ideas of Marxism. At the same time, Gramsci's theory of civil society drew people's attention to culture. It is also an important theoretical value for today's enterprises of building a harmonious socialist society. We should be guided by historical materialism, correctly assess of Gramsci's theory of civil society, actively promoting the research and explore on civil society issues in order to help our social sciences' prosperity and the development of the cause of modernization.