"body" Perspective Art Image

Phenomenology is a philosophical movement which came about in the twentieth century and has had a great influence. As a philosophical method, phenomenology advocates the description of the phenomena which have been directly experienced instead of the explanation of the causality. The basic research method in phenomenology is to restore:Restore the nature and rebuild what is first experienced.In order to build his system of philosophy, Husserl put forward nature, prior experience, restore, phenomena, and many other concepts, but he did not clearly give their definition and he even adopted different concepts at different times。However, Merleau Ponty (M. Merleau Ponty,1908-1961) developed the philosophy of Husserl's phenomenology. He set out clearer phenomenological arguments than Husserl, explaining how people understand the real world. He believed that perception is the starting point of people's recognition, and therefore, perception plays an important role in body philosophy. Meanwhile, his idea is also concerned about our experience in the perception of the world. The original meanings of "body" and its current fate not only become an important social phenomenon, but also have an important position in the field of philosophy and ideology.Phenomenologists'interpretation on the "body",especially the deep dissection by Maurice Merleau Ponty has revolutionized the Cartesian dualism of mind and body and given "body" the core position, and thus constructed in the true sense the physical phenomenology.In Merleau Ponty's view, "the body" itself is a subject in constant interaction and dialogue with others, and in the depths of perception of the body there is a unity between subject and object, mind and spirit, and being-in-itself and being-for-itself, which is something no rational reflection can reach. Merleau Ponty pointed out in his book, " Phenomenology of Perception,":"When my body exists as a natural subject and as a temporary form of my whole existence, I am my body."In the history of Western philosophy, many philosophers have done researches on the problems of body, including Husserl, Sartre, Heidegger, Delouse, Ricoeur, etc. In China, the research of the body problem mainly exists in Chinese literature, philosophy and social politics. Mr. Zhang Zailin interprets the body problem from the perspective of classical literature; Mr. Yang Dachun has been studying Merleau Ponty's phenomenological philosophy of the body for many years while Ge Hongbing mainly explains the relationship between the body and the literature from the political dimension, involving the political body, the "body" literary concept in "54" New Cultural Revolution, body of different classes, body writing, body ethics and so on.This thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is an introduction, which, by analyzing the language of modern philosophy in France in the three different stages,is intended to explain the interaction between language and body and others so as to approach the interpretation of Merleau-Ponty's body theory.The second part describes Merleau Ponty's physical theory. The first section cards Merleau Ponty's life experience and academic development in time sequence. The second section explains that Merleau Ponty's physical philosophy was influenced by multiple factors, interpreting three major academic backgrounds, namely:awareness of the late Husserl Philosophy, Heidegger's existentialism, and the influence of Gestalt's psychology. Section 3 is about the philosophical reflection from the body. It includes four core concepts:perception, the phenomenon field, interiority and transcendence, being aware of "the world" and the "Body", and the three main elements of the body:timing, space, language and expression.The third part is about the practice of the body theory in the study of art. It is intended to be divided into two parts, one of which is the interpretation of the historical evolution of the Western realist painting from Ancient Greece to Impressionism and then to Cezanne. The other is to interpret the new discovery of physical theory from the point of China's classical art forms including the Qin Dynasty sculpture, the Han Dynasty tomb murals and Ni Zan's literati painting. This is both the innovation and difficulty of this paper.PartⅣbriefly analyzes the impact and meaning of physical philosophy.Nowadays "body" has sprung up everywhere as a cultural concept and cultural phenomenon. It means a new cultural sign of life and theoretical concept. This thesis tries to take Merleau Ponty's body philosophy as the theoretical support and as a new perspective of examining the development of the current art and culture phenomenon to explore the Chinese and Western art image features, looking forward to the benefit for exploring and studying contemporary art.