On The Three Historic Leap In The Development Of Scientific Socialism

Essentially speaking, the leaps of scientific socialism have registered the historical transformation and development in the process of cognition and practice of scientific socialism. Focusing on the three major questions raised , namely, what is socialism, how the socialist system can be realized, and how the socialism can be consolidated, constructed and developed, the scientific socialism has experienced a three historical leaps marked like a milestone in the course of socialism. The three leaps indicate the transformations from utopia to science, from theory to practice, and from One country, two systems to build a socialist China with its own characteristics. Based on the overall review and comparative analysis of the background, theoretical findings and practical effects, the article expounds the enlightenment and significance brought by the three leaps, and elucidates that Deng Xiaopings theory is a scientific system which is originated in and developed from Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedongs thoughts. Therefore, we should strengthen the belief that Deng Xiaopings theory is the Marxism of our time in China and the essential guiding principle for our modernization drive, and that the communist ? society will inevitably come into being. The representatives who steered the first leap are Marx and Engels. They critically assimilated the positive results of the utopian socialist theory and cast away its historical idealism and unrealistic utopian elements. In the light of the historical materialism and the theory of surplus value, they found out that, from the historical development of human beings, socialism and communism will inevitably replace capitalism, and the working class will be the force striving for the realization of the -3- transformation. Thus, the first leap from utopian to scientific socialism came true. The representatives of the second leap are Lenin and Mao Zedong. On the basis of the historical situation in which they lived, both of them organically integrated the fundamental principles of Marxism with the concrete practice of their own countries, and actively probed a road to the real socialist society. Lenin made a breakthrough in one of Mark and Engels theories, which pointed out that socialism would first win in the developed European and American countries or simultaneously in several developed countries at least, and established the imperialism theory and the theory Socialism will first win in a country. Under the guidance of these theories, Lenin successfully led the Russian October Revolution and set up the first socialist country on the earth. Likewise, from the real situation of the Old China, Mao Zedong surmounted the concept of City-centrality, criticized the view of Two-phase Revolution, and created the theory of New Democratism. Furthermore, he initiated the alliance of the workers and peasants,, exercised an armed independent regime and took the correct strategic policy ,i.e. using the rural areas as base to surround the cities and finally take over the political power from the reactionary ruling class. Under his leadership, the Chinese people have overthrown the three big mountains, i.e. imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism, which lied like a dead weight on them and built a socialist system in such a...