.17 Late To Mid-19th Century Development Of The Mining And Metallurgical Industry In Yunnan And Its Impact

Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry has undergone a development of long history. Its first appearance in Yunnan region was at the end of Shang Dynasty, from which the Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry was thought to start and it never stopped its development dining the period of Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Three Kingdoms, Two Jin Kingdoms and South & North Dynasties, Tang Dynasty, and Song Dynasty. Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry entered into a new developing phase in Yuan & Ming Dynasties. Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry made its rapid progress from the end of the 17th century to the middle of the 19th century. Favorable historical conditions were created for Ytuman Mining & Metallurgy Industry which were the social and economic development of Yunnan in Yuan & Ming Dynasties and social stability at the early period of Qing Dynasty. Commodity & money economy had been developing since some Dynasties before Qing dynasty and the demand for metal became more and more greater. These were the facts that compelled the Qing Government to attach importance to Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry and to adopt advantageous policies and measures to it. As a result; Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry developed by leaps and bounds from the end of the 17th century to the middle of the 19th century, which could be proved by following facts: number of factories of eveiy sectors of Yutman Mining & Metallurgy Industry had mounted to 86, which were widely distributed; output of tin and copper etc had largely increased; shop employees were more than 100,000 and production was large in scale: the great incident in Qing History happened i.e. �'ending Dian copper to Beijing? Though Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry had comparably developed into a full-scaled period at that moment and the seeds of capitalism had been appeared too, it still had its limitation. Development of Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry had made far-reaching and multi- leveled effects on the society from the end of the 17th centmy to the middle of the 19th century. From the economic point of view development of Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry was the outcome inspired by commodity & money economy and development of Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry in reverse boosted the commodity & money economy during the prophase of Qing Dynasty; Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry was the industry with greatest vitality in Yi.mnan at the time, which had been not only an important economic component of Qing Dynastv~ but also brought along the development of~agriculture, stock raising, trade, cities & towns, and minority economy: trade of mining and metallurgy products had promoted the economic relationship between Yunnan and the backland of China. From the political point of view as the development of Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry, soldier抯 pay and provision had found its dependable source; transportation condition of Southwest part of China had been improved and border land of Yunnan was developed since then, which enhanced the governmental control to the Southwest area. From the cultural point of view there had been created a rich and colorful culture. 慚ining & Metallurgy culture? by Yunnan Mining & Metallurgy Industry, which had added a new content for Yumian Archaian Literature.