| Intangible assets are comprehensive resources of enterprise which reflect the capacity of human resources management, financial management, assets management, technical development and operational ability in international or domestic market. Successes acquired by present transnational enterprises are all relevant to their large number of intangible assets, such as patent﹑proprietary technology﹑well-known brand﹑marketing net and so on. With the development of science and the coming of intellectual economy age, intangible assets which mainly take the form of knowledge get more and more attention. In some developed countries, the proportion of intangible assets in total assets increases continuously. In a sense, intangible assets are more important than tangible assets, which have prominent advantage of bringing super profit.In order to cultivate and develop trade market of intangible assets in Market Economy, we must evaluate fair value of intangible assets in scientific way. Intangible assets evaluation is helpful to promote trade fairly, standardize market action, preserve market order and so on.Intangible assets evaluation in our country is born in Market Economy, having a history of over 10 years. But many problems still exist in practice. Lack of theory reference on practice is the main reason causing those problems. This dissertation tries to discuss those problems, expecting to be helpful to the practice of intangible assets evaluation.This dissertation is made up of three parts: Part one is the theory of intangible assets evaluation, which includes the basic theory (theory of intangible assets value) and the theory of evaluating value type. The latter is the kernel of evaluation theory, which develops from the former. The two parts constitute the evaluation theory system of intangible assets. The second part is the application of intangible assets evaluation theory, i.e. the basic evaluation method. The third part discusses Principle of Assets Evaluation —— Intangible Assets, which is carried out on Sep.1,2001.Chapter 1: Theory of intangible assets evaluationFirstly, the concept of intangible assets is discussed. The author holds that intangible assets are economic resources, which can bring super profit and have 5 characteristics: intangibility﹑effectiveness﹑uniqueness﹑monopolization﹑uncertainty. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of evaluated object, this section also discusses the range and classification of intangible assets. Secondly, the author explains the connotation of value﹑use value﹑value construction and value decision of intangible assets. Intangible assets' magnitude of value is decided by reduced magnitude of labor after intangible assets are put into use. But this economic relationship can't be adopted directly in the intangible asset evaluation, which only provides a basis for evaluation. The evaluating value (market fair value) of intangible assets is subjective value based on objective value. Thirdly, the author puts forward evaluating value type and value-fixed system, which is a general scheme of evaluating an object. Evaluating theorists in our country used to mistake evaluating methods for evaluating value type, which cause confusion in evaluating practice.Chapter 2: Basic evaluating methods of intangible assetsThree sections of this chapter elaborate respectively three evaluating methods of intangible assets, i.e. income method﹑cost method﹑market method. Income method has the most theoretical value, which is adopted in practice frequently. So income method is discussed in detail in this chapter, which embodies the essence of evaluating value: evaluating value is the present value of future super cash flow brought by intangible asset. Cost method is still an important method of evaluating, especially for those intangible assets which are developed newly or whose property rights aren't changed. Market method is seldom adopted for evaluating intangible assets, except for land-use rights.The income method has two key problems. One i... |
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