Forest Environment Evaluation And Research

After World War Tow,all the countries had been taking economy growth as the first aim. With the great progress of economy,environment was damaged seriously and has threatened for the survival and development of humankind at one time. Environmental problems have become the focus to be attended all over the world.The 1st environment convention of UN holding in 1972,marks humankind's consciousness to environment crisis really. In 1992,the UNCED was hold in Brazil and put forwards the sustainable development strategy formally.Sustainable development consists of economic,social and ecological sustainable development. The ecological sustainable development is the basis for economic and social sustainable development. Forests,as the main part of land eco-system,which have vital functions to improve the environment and sustainable development,bears economic,social and ecological benefits,With increasing attention to environmental problems,humankind turns into attaching importance to protect forest naturally. Forest ecological benefits bear obvious externality and its value is unable to realize through price mechanism.In the world,researches on evaluation and compensation for forest environmental value have been launched since 1960's. In China,relevant researches on this field carried out since 1970's. With implement the classification management strategy in forestry,revising the new Forest Act,especially taking place the flood disaster in 1998,forest protect was attached more importance by government and the public than any before. Some of provinces have established the compensation system for forest environment value and the central government also switch on trial compensation system for forest environment value in 2001.Hence,establish scientific evaluation and effective compensation system for forest environment value,has vital reality meaning to improve forest,economic and social sustainable development in China.Based on previous research achievements,we have carried out an initial research on evaluation and compensation for forest environment value. The main contents and conclusions are as follow:Chapter one:illustrate the background,methods and contents of this research. The author thinks that researches on evaluation and compensation for forest environment value have great functions to improve forest,economic and social sustainable development.Chapter tow:summarize the main theories on evaluation and compensation for forest environment value,Which are the composition of forest environment value,the economic characters of forest environment,the relationship between forest environment and economy,and the main views of environment value. Forest environment has the characters of externality,public goods and non- market goods. Utilization theory is the basic theory to evaluate forest environmental value.Chapter three:summed up and commented on the main methods of forest environmental value evaluation. Put forward that evaluation results should be adjusted according to Willingness To Pay (WTP) or actual utilization ratio of the resource. At the end,evaluate the forest value of conserve water and forest tourism value in Linmo Township. The forest value of conserve water is 38.32 million RMB per year in Linmo Township and the forest tourism value is 92.97 million RMB per year within Taihu resource beauty site.Chapter four:Based on briefly introduction the main methods to realize forest environmental value. Take the current compensation system for forest ecological benefits in China and eco-tourism in Linmo Township as examples,to illustrate the advantage,limitations,results and improvement way of current forest ecological benefits compensation system,which base on Pigou tax principle. At the same time,the author indicated the course,experiences and results of eco-tourism development in Linmo,which base on Coase property right transaction principle. At last,compare the tow methods in implement conditions,implement cost,implement results and final burden. The author thinks that the curren...