| Residence registration institution is a fundamental institution of social management, which involves every citizen in China. For them, they can hardly influence the institution and can only accept the fact for a long time. With the reform and the establishment of socialist market economy, this institution arouses more and more awareness of the public. In the meantime, a lot of discussions about the reform on the residence registration institution appeared in the newspaper, magazine and other media. However, most of these discussions are not systematic. Therefore, the author initiates this systematic research on the reform of residence registration institution from the perspective of sustainable development.This paper consists of four parts:The first part includes Chapter one, two and three. Chapter one introduces the evolution of the present residence registration institution. Chapter two has two sections. The first section introduces foreign "residence registration" and migration institution. The second section compares Chinese residence registration institution and international practice and points out their difference. Chapter three reviews the reform process of residence registration institution in China since 1980's.Chapter four is the second part. It briefs general theory of sustainable development. This chapter has four sections. Section one introduces the formation of sustainable development theory and defines sustainable development. Section two discusses the connation and characteristics of sustainable development. Section three introduces sustainable development in terms of social equity. Section four provides the background and basic content of 21st Agenda in China. The third part is the central part of this paper, and includes chapterfive, six and seven.From the perspective of cost-benefit analysis, chapter five discusses the reform on the residence registration institution in China, in two sections. Section one lists supposed benefit and real cost of the residence registration institution. The supposed benefits are the stability of the society and good food supply. While the real costs are that citizens are not free to migrate, and are not equal in identity, urbanization is slowed down, dual economy of rural and urban came into being, industrial structure is not appropriate, and rent seeking activities and corruptions escalate. Section two argues that the cost of reform on the residence registration institution is not as high as what seemed before, and then lists six categories of benefits. By comparing the cost and benefit of the reform, the author concludes that it is necessary and urgent to reform the residence registration institution. Chapter six is on the population situation of small counties and the related reform of residence registration institution. The aim of this chapter is to make clear that it is useless to loosen the restrictions in small counties, and severe environmental problems could come into being, which is not in line with sustainable development. This chapter includes four sections. In section one, the present population situation in the small counties is stated. In section two, the actual non-agriculture labor is estimated. In section three, the author discusses briefly on the relationship between the population and the reform in small counties.From the analysis in chapter five, we have made clear that it is a must to take reform of residence registration institution. Then, in chapter six, the author expresses, to loosen the restrictions of residence institution in small counties is of little use and will lead to severe environmental problems. Therefore, it is easy and natural to come up with the idea to loosen the restrictions of those in large and medium sized cities, so we can accomplish the goal of sustainable development. In chapter seven, theauthor has done in-depth theoretical analysis on some three optional ways to reform the residence registration institution. The primary practice on loosening the regulations in large and m... |
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