| The key to tackle challenges after the entry of WTO is the reform the whole banking system promoted by the reform of the state owned commercial bank. By the end of 2001, solely state-owned commercial banks had a total asset of RMB12,000 billion, which is account for 55% of total financial institution assets. it is a focal point of the reform of financial enterprises. To set up modern banking system is the innovation of banking regulation that mainly includes the tuning of state-run commercial bank to banks with distinct relations between ownership and management, and is the guarantee of safe development of state-run commercial bank. Whether could recognize, state-owned commercial bank in China passed by a rather complicated road from the beginning to present and had ever promoted the development of productivity at that time too. But with the development of national economy, under the situation of global economic integration, the system of the state-owned commercial bank has already become the hinder of the development of the national economy. This text comes to approach the feasibility of state-owned commercial bank to set up modern banking system from the historical and realistic angle.Part one: Development of the system of state-owned commercial bank. This part is mainly about the transformation from the " mono-bank engaged in both policy and commercial operations" highly centralized system before 1979 into modern commercial bank from banking. Part two: Subject matters that exist in the state-owned commercial bank at present. On institutional framework management mode and other existing question from different angles of commercial bank at present, the state-owned banks in China still have a lot of defects. The confused property relations have restricted the development of the state-run commercial bank seriously. Four state-owned commercial banks belong to the state namely at present, but the question of who represents the ownership is still not explicit in fact. Which causes fuzzy property rights, therefore unclear responsibility, right, profit and lacking effective self- tied mechanism. Particularly: First, the property right is single. Single state-owned proprietorship system, cause the omission of the government owner. The operator lacks restrain from owners, leading to poor efficiency. Second, responsibility and right is not clear. The public--owned property right form has determined that four state-owned banks must undertake certain community responsibility and policy task. It is difficult to get rid of government intervene, and can not promise independent management and assume sole responsibility for its profits orlosses. Third, indistinction between the functions of the government and those of enterprises. Four banks still have dual nature of government office and enterprises in a certain degree at present. As enterprises, under the single property right system, because restrain is soften, It is unavoidably turned up that somebody acquired "private interest" from common right, damaging the efficiency of publicly-owned property right; As the organ, the value orientation of the members in the bank will be deviated. The driving force that maximize the interests of the bank will be influenced There are defects in the administration structure and management in state- owned commercial bank. As to administration structure, the state-owned commercial bank has a quite long developing history,. It is unavoidable to have brand of planned economy. Which means no different from officers and traders for a long time, weak market sensibility low competition consciousness, faint the self- engagement ability, low the self-development desire. Particularly: outmoded system, overstaffing organizations, unperfected inter-controls. As to organize action, the agency relation is not distinct. In SOB too many vertical administrative structures, which increases the transaction cost and organization cost on one hand, increases the agency cost and information cost on the other hand, and in the main ti... |
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